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Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. Typical uses of GC include testing the purity of a particular substance, or separating the different components of a mixture. [ 1 ]
The history of chromatography spans from the mid-19th century to the 21st. Chromatography , literally "color writing", [ 1 ] was used—and named— in the first decade of the 20th century, primarily for the separation of plant pigments such as chlorophyll (which is green) and carotenoids (which are orange and yellow).
Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry is a method of chemical analysis in which the sample is heated to decomposition to produce smaller molecules that are separated by gas chromatography and detected using mass spectrometry. Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of materials in an inert atmosphere or a vacuum.
The first on-line coupling of gas chromatography to a mass spectrometer was reported in the late 1950s. [4] [5] An interest in coupling the methods had been suggested as early as December 1954, [6] but conventional recording techniques had too poor temporal resolution.
Similar to the process of distillation, gas-liquid chromatography (typically referred to as gas chromatography, or, more simply, GC) utilises a distillation tower to separate the petroleum. However, compared to distillation's 2 to 300 theoretical plates, gas chromatography includes more than 25,000. This provides a greater degree of separation ...
Robert Emmet Finnigan (May 27, 1927 – August 14, 2022) was an American pioneer in the development of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry equipment (GC/MS). Finnigan founded the Scientific Instruments Division of Electronic Associates, Inc., producing the first commercial quadrupole mass spectrometer in 1964. He then formed Finnigan ...
Erika Cremer (20 May 1900, Munich – 21 September 1996, Innsbruck) was a German physical chemist and Professor Emeritus at the University of Innsbruck [1] who is regarded as one of the most important pioneers in gas chromatography, [1] as she second conceived the technique in 1944, [1] after Richard Synge and Archer J.P. Martin in 1941.
John Knox was an early leader in the field of gas chromatography. As a PhD student in at Pembroke College, Cambridge, [3] in 1953 Knox, together with his fellow student Howard Purnell, constructed a self-designed gas chromatographer in their lab and used this to pioneer early research in the field. In later experiments Knox was the first to use ...