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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dot_and_cross_diagram&oldid=50266000"
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
The crystal structure of the dihydrate was partially determined in 1927 by Hendricks and Dickinson [1] [4] and refined in 1934 by Chrobak. [5] The structure is tetragonal P4 2 /mnm (136), Z=2, isostructural with ammonium tetrachoridocuprate(II) (NH 4) 2 CuCl 4 ·2 H 2 O and rubidium tetrachoridocuprate(II) Rb 2 CuCl 4 ·2 H 2 O.
CuCl 2 + 2 Cl − ⇌ [CuCl 4] 2−. Some of these complexes can be crystallized from aqueous solution, and they adopt a wide variety of structures. [14] Copper(II) chloride also forms a variety of coordination complexes with ligands such as ammonia, pyridine and triphenylphosphine oxide: [8] [5] [16] CuCl 2 + 2 C 5 H 5 N → [CuCl 2 (C 5 H 5 N ...
(b) The top shows both the dot-and-cross diagram and the simplified diagram of the LDQ structure of the NO radical. Below is shown the dimerisation reaction of the NO monomer into the N 2 O 2 dimer. Hence, the dimerisation of CN to cyanogen is favourable as it increases the degree of bonding in the overall system and reduces the total energy.
Methane (CH 4) contains two elements, carbon and hydrogen, each of which has two stable isotopes. For carbon, 98.9% are in the form of carbon-12 (12 C) and 1.1% are carbon-13 (13 C); while for hydrogen, 99.99% are in the form of protium (1 H) and 0.01% are deuterium (2 H or D). Carbon-13 (13 C) and deuterium (2 H or D
Indexes used for labelling must be superscripted: R 1-CH 2-R 2 (not R 1-CH 2-R 2) Do not include English text in images: this prevents their reuse in other languages. Methyl groups should be denoted with "CH 3 ", not "Me", unless they are bound to a heteroatom (for example, "NMe 2 ").
Cs 2 NiCl 4: caesium tetrachloronickelate blue, stable only over 70° [4] [(CH 3) 4 N] 2 NiCl 4: Tetramethylammonium tetrachloronickelate dark blue [5] [(C 2 H 5) 4 N] 2 NiCl 4: Tetraethylammonium tetrachloronickelate [6] [4] [H 2 NN(CH 3) 3] 2 NiCl 4: 1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium tetrachloronickelate blue, only stable over 145 °C, under this is ...