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Considerable confusion exists in the literature of this area because: (1) many sources do not distinguish between A G and A 0, but just use the symbol A (and sometimes the name "Richardson constant") indiscriminately; (2) equations with and without the correction factor here denoted by λ R are both given the same name; and (3) a variety of ...
In numerical analysis, the Bulirsch–Stoer algorithm is a method for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations which combines three powerful ideas: Richardson extrapolation, the use of rational function extrapolation in Richardson-type applications, and the modified midpoint method, [1] to obtain numerical solutions to ordinary ...
After trapezoid rule estimates are obtained, Richardson extrapolation is applied. For the first iteration the two piece and one piece estimates are used in the formula 4 × (more accurate) − (less accurate) / 3 . The same formula is then used to compare the four piece and the two piece estimate, and likewise for the higher estimates
In oceanography, the Richardson number has a more general form [citation needed] which takes stratification into account. It is a measure of relative importance of mechanical and density effects in the water column, as described by the Taylor–Goldstein equation, used to model Kelvin–Helmholtz instability which is driven by sheared flows.
An example of Richardson extrapolation method in two dimensions. In numerical analysis, Richardson extrapolation is a sequence acceleration method used to improve the rate of convergence of a sequence of estimates of some value = ().
The Hertz–Knudsen equation describes the non-dissociative adsorption of a gas molecule on a surface by expressing the variation of the number of molecules impacting on the surfaces per unit of time as a function of the pressure of the gas and other parameters which characterise both the gas phase molecule and the surface: [1] [2]
Owing to the physical assumptions made in the original derivation, [1] the term Fowler–Nordheim-type equation has long been used only for equations that describe the ECD at zero temperature. However, it is better to allow this name to include the slightly modified equations (discussed below) that are valid for finite temperatures within the ...
Modified Richardson iteration is an iterative method for solving a system of linear equations. Richardson iteration was proposed by Lewis Fry Richardson in his work dated 1910. It is similar to the Jacobi and Gauss–Seidel method. We seek the solution to a set of linear equations, expressed in matrix terms as =.