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Cardiovascular agents are drugs used to treat diseases associated with the heart or blood vessels. These medications are available for purchase only with a physician’s prescription . They include, but are not limited to, drugs that target hypertension ( antihypertensives ), hyperlipidemia ( antihyperlipidemics ) and blood clotting (blood ...
Class of antihypertensives that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II receptor type 1 and thereby block the arteriolar contraction and sodium retention effects of renin–angiotensin system. Azilsartan medoxomil; Candesartan; Eprosartan; Fimasartan; Irbesartan; Losartan; Olmesartan; Telmisartan; Valsartan
Since atenolol is selective to β1 receptor, it only acts on β1 receptors which are located in the heart. [15] As an antagonist, it opposes the effect of sympathetic nervous system activation. Actions of atenolol include the reduction in myocardial contractility and heart rate , hence producing the effect of lowering blood pressure and cardiac ...
Beta-blockade of the β 1 receptor will inhibit cAMP from phosphorylating, and it will decrease the ionotrophic and chronotropic effect. Note that drugs may be cardioselective, or act on β 1 receptors in the heart only, but still have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Acebutolol (has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, ISA) [80] Atenolol [80 ...
Side effects of isoprenaline include rapid heart beat, heart palpitations, and arrhythmias, among others. [9] Isoprenaline is a selective agonist of the β-adrenergic receptors, including both the β 1-and β 2-adrenergic receptors. [9] By activating these receptors, it increases heart rate and the force of heart contractions. [10]
They act by blocking the effects of catecholamines at the β 1-adrenergic receptors, thereby decreasing sympathetic activity on the heart, which reduces intracellular cAMP levels and hence reduces Ca 2+ influx. These agents are particularly useful in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardias. They decrease conduction through the AV node.
Specifically, dobutamine selectively binds to β1 receptors located on the surface of specialised cardiac muscle cells. [16] Relative to β2 receptors, β1 is the predominant type in terms of quantity and function within the heart. [17] Gs proteins are a subunit of a large family of receptors called G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). [18]
These drugs act directly on one or more adrenergic receptors. According to receptor selectivity they are two types: Non-selective: drugs act on one or more receptors; these are: Adrenaline (almost all adrenergic receptors). Noradrenaline (acts on α 1, α 2, β 1). Isoprenaline (acts on β 1, β 2, β 3). Dopamine (acts on α 1, α 2, β 1, D 1 ...