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Ubuntu shipped with Wayland by default in Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark). [92] However, Ubuntu 18.04 LTS reverted to X.Org by default due to several issues. [93] [94] Since Ubuntu 21.04, Wayland is the default again. [95] Red Hat Enterprise Linux ships Wayland as the default session in version 8, released 7 May 2019. [96]
Ubuntu adopts dash as its default shell. 2008 () POSIX-2008 is released by the IEEE. "This standard defines a standard source level interface to the shell and utility functionality required by application programs, including shell scripts." [54] 2009 () February 20, 2009 (): Bash 4.0 is released [59] Its license is GPL-3.0-or-later.
Ubuntu (/ ʊ ˈ b ʊ n t uː / ⓘ uu-BUUN-too) [9] is a Linux distribution derived from Debian and composed mostly of free and open-source software. [10] [11] [12] Ubuntu is officially released in multiple editions: Desktop, [13] Server, [14] and Core [15] for Internet of things devices [16] and robots.