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The development of the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan was a significant advancement within the biomedical field. the PET scan was invented by Edward Hoffman and Michael E. Phelps in 1974. [ 14 ] the machine provides an effective imaging test for understanding the metabolic activity within the tissues and organs of the patient.
Once the scan data has been acquired, the data must be processed using a form of tomographic reconstruction, which produces a series of cross-sectional images. [205] These cross-sectional images are made up of small units of pixels or voxels. [206] Pixels in an image obtained by CT scanning are displayed in terms of relative radiodensity.
A scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) is a device which uses focused sound to investigate, measure, or image an object (a process called scanning acoustic tomography). It is commonly used in failure analysis and non-destructive evaluation .
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, or DEXA [1]) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) with spectral imaging.Two X-ray beams, with different energy levels, are aimed at the patient's bones.
A high-density line-scan solid state detector is composed of a photostimulable barium fluorobromide doped with europium (BaFBr:Eu) or caesium bromide (CsBr) phosphor. The phosphor detector records the X-ray energy during exposure and is scanned by a laser diode to excite the stored energy which is released and read out by a digital image ...
An account of the early history of scanning electron microscopy has been presented by McMullan. [2] [3] Although Max Knoll produced a photo with a 50 mm object-field-width showing channeling contrast by the use of an electron beam scanner, [4] it was Manfred von Ardenne who in 1937 invented [5] a microscope with high resolution by scanning a very small raster with a demagnified and finely ...
Positron emission tomography (PET) [1] is a functional imaging technique that uses radioactive substances known as radiotracers to visualize and measure changes in metabolic processes, and in other physiological activities including blood flow, regional chemical composition, and absorption.
A device used in tomography is called a tomograph, while the image produced is a tomogram. In many cases, the production of these images is based on the mathematical procedure tomographic reconstruction, such as X-ray computed tomography technically being produced from multiple projectional radiographs. Many different reconstruction algorithms ...