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The term Troika has been widely used in Greece, Cyprus (Greek: τρόικα), [1] [2] Ireland, [3] Portugal, [4] and Spain [5] to refer to the consortium of the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund that provided a bailout to these states since 2010, and the financial measures and government policies that the three institutions have demanded to be ...
[162] [163] As one of the largest eurozone economies (larger than Greece, Portugal and Ireland combined [164]) the condition of Spain's economy is of particular concern to international observers. Under pressure from the United States, the IMF, other European countries and the European Commission [ 165 ] [ 166 ] the Spanish governments ...
Before the creation of the term "genocide", the destruction of the Ottoman Greeks was known by Greeks as "the Massacre" (in Greek: η Σφαγή), "the Great Catastrophe" (η Μεγάλη Καταστροφή), or "the Great Tragedy" (η Μεγάλη Τραγωδία). [142]
During the period of the Greek War of Independence, the Greek Throne was offered to Pedro, Prince of Portugal, and future King of Portugal and Emperor of Brazil, who would refuse the Greek Crown. [5] Later the Greek Crown was offered to the Bavarian Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig who accepted, and became King of Greece, as Otto I of Greece.
Continental Portugal 1000–30000 (est.) [9] 1757 Azores Islands earthquake Earthquake 9 July 1757: Azores 1000–1500 (est.) [10] 1803 Madeira floods and mudslides Floods 9 October 1803: Madeira: 600–1000 (est.) [11] 1967 Portugal floods: Floods 25–26 November 1967: Lisbon District: 462+ [12] Independent Air Flight 1851 crash: Aviation ...
This catastrophe marked the end of the Megali Idea, and left Greece financially exhausted, demoralised, and having to house and feed a proportionately huge number of refugees. The catastrophe deepened the political crisis, with the returning army rising under Venizelist officers and forcing King Constantine to abdicate again, in September 1922 ...
Occurred in Constantinople, but contemporary pogrom activities spread in parts of present-day Greece (Kos, Rhodes) [3] unknown Ottoman government Navarino massacre: 19 August 1821 Pylos: 3,000 Greek irregular forces Massacre of Samothrace: 1 September 1821 Samothrace: 1,000 [4] Ottoman army Complete destruction, devastation of the island ...
The Asia Minor Catastrophe and the Ottoman Greek Genocide: Essays on Asia Minor, Pontos, and Eastern Thrace, 1912-1923 (G. N. Shirinian, Ed.). Asia Monor and Pontos Hellenic Research Center. Rogan, E. (2015). The Fall of the Ottomans: The Great War in the Middle East. Basic Books. [65] [66] Rummel, R. J. (1997). Death by Government.