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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
Many crack propagation equations have been proposed over the years to improve prediction accuracy and incorporate a variety of effects. The works of Head, [6] Frost and Dugdale, [7] McEvily and Illg, [8] and Liu [9] on fatigue crack-growth behaviour laid the foundation in this topic.
RCF is a major concern for railways worldwide and can take various forms depending on the location of the crack and its appearance. [2] It is also a significant cause of failure in components subjected to rolling or rolling/sliding contacts, such as rolling-contact bearings, gears, and cam/tappet arrangements. [5]
Illustration of bearing tolerances (in micrometers) for a bearing with a 20 mm inner diameter. For illustration, the figure shows the differences in tolerance per ABEC class in micrometers (μm) for a 20 mm inner diameter bearing. [1] A 20 mm ABEC 7 bearing only has a 5 μm tolerance window, whereas an ABEC 1 has twice as wide a tolerance.
An axlebox, also known as a journal box in North America, is the mechanical subassembly on each end of the axles under a railway wagon, coach or locomotive; it contains bearings and thus transfers the wagon, coach or locomotive weight to the wheels and rails; the bearing design is typically oil-bathed plain bearings on older rolling stock, or roller bearings on newer rolling stock.
Pocket Ref is a general-purpose pocket-sized reference book composed of various tips, tables, maps, formulas, constants and conversions, compiled by Thomas J. Glover. [1] It is published by Sequoia Publishing, and is currently in its fourth edition at 864 pages in length, released in late 2010.
The Thomas Register of American Manufacturers, now Thomas, [1] is an online platform for supplier discovery and product sourcing in the US and Canada. It was once known as the "big green books" and "Thomas Registry", and was a multi-volume directory of industrial product information covering distributors, manufacturers and service companies [2] within thousands [3] of industrial categories ...
WEC initiation at MnS inclusions in steel [1]. White etching cracks (WEC), or white structure flaking or brittle flaking, is a type of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage that can occur in bearing steels under certain conditions, such as hydrogen embrittlement, high stress, inadequate lubrication, and high temperature.