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The embryophytes (/ ˈ ɛ m b r i ə ˌ f aɪ t s /) are a clade of plants, also known as Embryophyta (/ ˌ ɛ m b r i ˈ ɒ f ə t ə,-oʊ ˈ f aɪ t ə /) or land plants. They are the most familiar group of photoautotrophs that make up the vegetation on Earth 's dry lands and wetlands .
Tortilicaulis is a moss-like plant [2] known from fossils recovered from southern Britain, spanning the Silurian-Devonian boundary (around 3] Originally recovered from the Downtonian of the Welsh borderlands, Tortilicaulis has since been recovered in the famous Ludlow Lane locality.
Hornworts are a group of non-vascular Embryophytes (land plants) constituting the division Anthocerotophyta (/ ˌ æ n θ oʊ ˌ s ɛ r ə ˈ t ɒ f ə t ə,-t ə ˈ f aɪ t ə /).The common name refers to the elongated horn-like structure, which is the sporophyte.
The Setaphyta are a clade within the Bryophyta which includes Marchantiophytina (liverworts) and Bryophytina (mosses). Anthocerotophytina (hornworts) are excluded. [1] [2] A 2018 study found through molecular sequencing that liverworts are more closely related to mosses than hornworts, with the implication that liverworts were not among the first species to colonize land.
Charophyceae is basal in the Phragmoplastophyta clade which contains the embryophytes (land plants). [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] In 2018, the first nuclear genome sequence from a species belonging to the Charophyceae was published: that of Chara braunii .
An example of moss (Bryophyta) on the forest floor in Broken Bow, Oklahoma. Bryophytes (/ ˈ b r aɪ. ə ˌ f aɪ t s /) [2] are a group of land plants (embryophytes), sometimes treated as a taxonomic division, that contains three groups of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses (Bryophyta sensu lato). [3]
Archegoniatae was a higher taxonomic term that indicated those embryophytes having a female sexual organ in the form of an archegonium.The term was first introduced by the Russian botanist Ivan Nikolaevich Gorozhankin (1848–1904) in 1876 to indicate a division including bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms in contrast to the Gynoeciatae (Angiosperms) with a more complex female organ.
The Zygnematophyceae, formerly known as the Conjugatophyceae, generally possess two fairly elaborate chloroplasts in each cell, rather than many discoid ones. They reproduce asexually by the development of a septum between the two cell-halves or semi-cells (in unicellular forms, each daughter-cell develops the other semi-cell afresh) and sexually by conjugation, or the fusion of the entire ...