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The shutter rotation is synchronized with film being pulled through the gate, hence shutter speed is a function of the frame rate and shutter angle. Where E = shutter speed (reciprocal of exposure time in seconds), F = frames per second, and S = shutter angle: [15] =, for E in reciprocal seconds
A tight shutter angle will constrict motion blur. A wide shutter angle will allow it. A 180° shutter angle is considered normal. So for instance, at 24 fps the frame interval value is 0.04167 second ( = 1 ⁄ 24). Using an exposure time of 1 ⁄ 50 second gives a shutter angle value of 173°, very close to 180° (normal motion blur effect).
Focal-plane shutters may also produce image distortion of very fast-moving objects or when panned rapidly, as described in the Rolling shutter article. A large relative difference between a slow wipe speed and a narrow curtain slit results in distortion because one side of the frame is exposed at a noticeably later instant than the other and the object's interim movement is imaged.
An approximately correct exposure will be obtained on a sunny day using ISO 100 film, an aperture of f /16 and a shutter speed of 1/100 of a second. This is called the sunny 16 rule: at an aperture of f /16 on a sunny day, a suitable shutter speed will be one over the film speed (or closest equivalent).
After these actions, the shutter closes, the mirror returns to the 45-degree angle, and the built-in drive mechanism re-tensions the shutter for the next exposure. Compared with the newer concept of mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras , this mirror/prism system is the characteristic difference, providing direct, accurate optical preview ...
Popular exposure chart type, showing exposure values EV (red lines) as combinations of aperture and shutter speed values. The green lines are sample program lines, by which a digital camera automatically selects both the shutter speed and the aperture for given exposure value (brightness of light), when set to Program mode (P). (Canon, n.d.)
Thus, a camera with a fastest shutter speed of 1 / 400 th of a second (one that began exposures 18.75 ms after a bulb was fired with M sync triggering), and which was set to 1 / 25 th of a second, would close its shutter 59 ms after triggering a flashbulb (18.75 ms + 40 ms = 58.75 ms) and would achieve the maximum rated guide number from the No ...
Reflex – is the shutter a reflex mirror design? Design – rotary disc shutters have two common designs – a "half-moon" disc of 180° or "butterfly" of two e.g. 90° segments opposite each other which spin at half-speed. Location – where the shutter is centered; Adjustment – how the shutter angle can be adjusted. Most manual designs can ...