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For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Latvian (endonym: latviešu valoda, pronounced [ˈlatviɛʃu ˈvaluɔda]), [3] also known as Lettish, [4] is an East Baltic language belonging to the Indo-European language family. It belongs to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family and it is spoken in the Baltic region.
Latvian grammar. The Latvian language is an extensively inflected language, with complex nominal and verbal morphology. Word order is relatively free, but the unmarked order is subject–verb–object. Latvian has pre-nominal adjectives and both prepositions and postpositions. There are no articles in Latvian, but definiteness can be indicated ...
Latvian nouns can be classified as either declinable or indeclinable. Most Latvian nouns are declinable, and regular nouns belong to one of six declension classes (three for masculine nouns, and three for feminine nouns). Latvian nouns have seven grammatical cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative and vocative.
The vowel length ratio is about 1:2.5. Vowel length is phonemic and plays an important role in the language. For example, koka [ˈkuɔka] means 'made of wood', kokā [ˈkuɔkaː] means 'on the tree'; pile [ˈpile] means 'a drop', and pīle [ˈpiːle] means 'a duck'. Latvian also has 10 diphthongs (/ai ui ɛi au iɛ uɔ iu (ɔi) ɛu (ɔu ...
Latvian has also some adverbs, known as pusprievārdi "semi-prepositions", which can be used like prepositions or postpositions, in combination with a dative noun phrase: cauri - through. garām - past, over, by. iepretim - in front of. līdzi - with. pāri - over, across. pretī - in front of, against.
The modern Latvian orthography is based on Latin script adapted to phonetic principles, following the pronunciation of the language. The standard alphabet consists of 33 letters – 22 unmodified Latin letters and 11 modified by diacritics. It was developed by the Knowledge Commission of the Riga Latvian Association in 1908, and was approved ...
Politics of Latvia. Articles 4 and 114 of the Constitution of Latvia form the foundation for language policy in Latvia, declaring Latvian to be the official state language and affirming the rights of ethnic minorities to preserve and develop their languages. [1] Livonian language is recognized as "the language of the indigenous (autochthon ...
The Latvian Wikipedia (Latvian: Vikipēdija latviešu valodā [ˈvikipɜːdija] ⓘ) is the Latvian-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It was created on 6 June 2003. [ 2 ][ 3 ][ 4 ] With more than 131,000 articles, it is currently the 68th-largest Wikipedia as measured by the number of articles [ 5 ] and the second ...