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A mitochondrion (pl. mitochondria) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi.Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. [2]
Mitotic cell division enables sexually reproducing organisms to develop from the one-celled zygote, which itself is produced by fusion of two gametes, each having been produced by meiotic cell division. [5] [6] After growth from the zygote to the adult, cell division by mitosis allows for continual construction and repair of the organism. [7]
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the sequential series of events that take place in a cell that causes it to divide into two daughter cells. These events include the growth of the cell, duplication of its DNA ( DNA replication ) and some of its organelles , and subsequently the partitioning of its cytoplasm, chromosomes and other ...
The most important of such processes takes place in mitochondria, the cell’s ... to regulate key events such as cell division and DNA repair,” Ziegler explained. ... to identify the key ...
Midzone division is linked to mitochondrial biogenesis, which occurs when the cell is proliferating and requires an increased number of mitochondria. In contrast, peripheral division is associated with the removal of damaged mitochondrial units from the network, with these mitochondria being targeted for autophagy or mitophagy, leading to their ...
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with the ability to fuse and divide , forming constantly changing tubular networks in most eukaryotic cells. These mitochondrial dynamics, first observed over a hundred years ago [ 1 ] are important for the health of the cell, and defects in dynamics lead to genetic disorders .
Centrioles: Function to produce spindle fibers which are used to separate chromosomes during cell division. Eukaryotic cells may also be composed of the following molecular components: Chromatin: This makes up chromosomes and is a mixture of DNA with various proteins. Cilia: They help to propel substances and can also be used for sensory ...
Mitochondria are essentially universal in the eukaryotes, and with their own DNA somewhat resemble prokaryotic cells. Mitochondria are organelles in eukaryotic cells. The mitochondrion is commonly called "the powerhouse of the cell", [30] for its function providing energy by oxidising sugars or fats to produce the energy-storing molecule ATP.