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When it was initially published in 1968, [10] Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 108 was part of 49 CFR 371.21, incorporating several SAE recommended practices by reference. [11] The 1969 version of FMVSS 108 allowed the use of two headlamps, each 7 in (180 mm) in diameter, or four smaller 5 + 3 ⁄ 4 in (150 mm) headlamps. [11]: Table I
A rear reflector on a bicycle Reflecting device on horse. A safety reflector is a retroreflector intended for pedestrians, runners, motorized and non-motorized vehicles. A safety reflector is similar to reflective stripes that can be found on safety vests and clothing worn by road workers and rescue workers. They are sometimes erroneously ...
In 1965 San Diego Police Motorcycle Officer Kenneth Grant Maine, improved upon and applied for a patent on the white epoxy-resin reflective raised pavement marker. He then submitted it to the California Bureau of Highways, later called the California Department of Transportation and now known as Caltrans.
Flashing blue LED cat's eyes were demonstrated on the TV show Accident Black Spot, aired on Channel 4 on 19 December 2000, which alert the driver to potential ice on the road when a low enough temperature, provisionally set at 3 °C (37 °F), is reached. Proposed enhancements in 2013 were to change the standard white light to amber for four ...
[78] [79] [80] A 2008 US study by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration suggests vehicles with amber rear signals rather than red ones are up to 28% less likely to be involved in certain kinds of collisions, [81] a followup 2009 NHTSA study determined there to be a significant overall safety benefit to amber rather than red rear ...
In California, highway lanes may be marked either solely by Botts' dots, or dots placed over painted lines. Four dots are used for broken lines on freeways, and broken lines on surface streets may use only three dots. Reflective pavement markers are placed at regular intervals between Botts' dots to increase the visibility of lane markings at ...
Toyota's system, branded "Toyota Safety Sense" or "Lexus Safety System", is a radar-based system that uses a forward-facing millimeter-wave radar. When the system determines that a frontal collision is unavoidable, it preemptively tightens the seat belts , removing any slack, and pre-charges the brakes using brake assist to give the driver ...
In the UK, the regulations governing bicycle lights are set out in the Road Vehicles Lighting Regulations 1989 [3] and their subsequent amendments, summarized in the Highway Code. [4] The regulations require a white front light, a red rear light, a red rear reflector, and amber/yellow pedal reflectors on the front and rear of both pedals.