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A Venn diagram, also called a set diagram or logic diagram, shows all possible logical relations between a finite collection of different sets. These diagrams depict elements as points in the plane, and sets as regions inside closed curves. A Venn diagram consists of multiple overlapping closed curves, usually circles, each representing a set.
Venn diagram showing the union of sets A and B as everything not in white. In combinatorics, a branch of mathematics, the inclusion–exclusion principle is a counting technique which generalizes the familiar method of obtaining the number of elements in the union of two finite sets; symbolically expressed as
Logical disjunction. In logic, disjunction, also known as logical disjunction or logical or or logical addition or inclusive disjunction, is a logical connective typically notated as and read aloud as "or". For instance, the English language sentence "it is sunny or it is warm" can be represented in logic using the disjunctive formula ...
Set theory is the branch of mathematical logic that studies sets, which can be informally described as collections of objects. Although objects of any kind can be collected into a set, set theory — as a branch of mathematics — is mostly concerned with those that are relevant to mathematics as a whole. The modern study of set theory was ...
A mathematical sunflower can be pictured as a flower. The kernel of the sunflower is the brown part in the middle, and each set of the sunflower is the union of a petal and the kernel. In the mathematical fields of set theory and extremal combinatorics, a sunflower or -system[ 1 ] is a collection of sets in which all possible distinct pairs of ...
The intersection of A and B is the set A ∩ B of elements that lie in both set A and set B . Symbolic statement. A ∩ B = {x: x ∈ A and x ∈ B} In set theory, the intersection of two sets and denoted by 1 is the set containing all elements of that also belong to or equivalently, all elements of that also belong to 2.
John Venn. John Venn, FRS, [2][3] FSA [4] (4 August 1834 – 4 April 1923) was an English mathematician, logician and philosopher noted for introducing Venn diagrams, which are used in logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computer science. In 1866, Venn published The Logic of Chance, a groundbreaking book which espoused the frequency ...
Venn diagram; Tree diagram; In probability theory and logic, ... This page was last edited on 26 September 2024, at 15:30 (UTC).