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Jupiter (or Iuppiter) was the supreme god of the Romans and Latins, a god of the sky and weather as well as a champion of world order, the state, and the Roman Empire. In mythology and art, Jupiter was largely identical with his Greek counterpart Zeus, though the two gods had separate cults. Jupiter, like the Greek Zeus, was represented as a ...
Juno (or Iuno in Latin) was the queen of the Roman gods and the wife of Jupiter, the king of the gods. She served as a champion and protector of women, especially in their domestic roles of marriage and motherhood. Juno’s mythology and iconography were mostly adopted from the Greek goddess Hera. Juno was one of the most important gods of the ...
Borrowed directly from Greek mythology, Apollo was a Roman god that inspired music, poetry, and artistic creativity. A law-giver and healer, Apollo brought order to humankind and was the source of all medical knowledge. Furthermore, Apollo served as the chief patron of prophets, the source of the gift of prophecy.
The foremost of the Roman chthonic (“subterranean”) deities, Pluto was god of the dead and lord of the underworld. A figure of enormous dread and terrible might, Pluto dispensed luck and controlled the fates of all mortals. As commander of the subterranean realms, he was the master of ores, metals, and the precious stones found within them.
Mars was the son of Jupiter and Juno, the king and queen of the Roman deities. Mars’ full siblings included Bellona, a goddess of war, Vulcan, god of metalworking and the forge, and Juventus, a goddess of youth. Mars had many half-siblings as well thanks to his father’s indiscretions.
Overview. A wily trickster, Mercury was the Roman god of commerce, communication, and travel. The patron of thieves, messengers, and merchants, he was also responsible for conveying souls to the underworld. As the chief messenger of the gods, Mercury controlled the flow of information, and often used this position to his advantage.
Thomas Apel is a historian of science and religion who received his PhD in History from Georgetown University. Minerva was the wisest of the Roman pantheon, the patron deity of philosophy, craftsmanship, art, and strategy. A quintessentially Roman goddess, she was part of the widely worshiped Capitoline Triad, along with Jupiter and Juno.
The master of metallurgy and handicraft, Vulcan was the Roman god of fire and forge, as well as the patron of artisans and smiths. Known as the ugliest of the gods, Vulcan suffered from lameness in one leg due to an injury he sustained as a child. The patron of craftsmen was exceedingly crafty himself and used his guile to marry Venus, the ...
Neptune was the Roman god of waters and seas, who controlled winds and storms. Also known as Neptunus Equester, he was recognized as a god of horses and horsemanship, as well as patron of horse racing, a popular form of entertainment for the ancient Romans. In terms of his characteristics and mythology, Neptune was an exact copy of the Greek ...
The first mentions of Thor were found in Roman sources. There, Thor was identified as Jupiter or Jove, the Roman god of strength who hurled lightning bolts (Jupiter was, in turn, based on the Greek god Zeus). The Romans commonly referred to the gods of foreigners by the names of the Romans deities who most nearly approximated their characteristics.