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According to Twelvers, there is at all times an Imam of the era who is the divinely appointed authority on all matters of faith and law in the Muslim community. Ali , a cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was the first of the Twelve Imams, and, in the Twelvers view, the rightful successor to Muhammad , followed by male descendants of Muhammad ...
Contents. Imamate in Twelver doctrine. This is a sub-article to Imamah (Shia doctrine) and is specifically about the Twelver Shia concept of the term. For other uses, see Theology of Twelvers. Imāmah (Arabic: إِمَامَة) means " leadership " and is a concept in Twelver theology. The Twelve Imams are the spiritual and political successors ...
The Twelve Imams are the spiritual and political successors to Muhammad, based on Twelver's belief. [97] It is believed in Shi'a Islam that 'Aql , a divine wisdom, was the source of the souls of the prophets and imams and gave them esoteric knowledge, called Hikmah, and that their sufferings were a means of divine grace to their devotees.
Zaidi view. Main articles: Zaidiyyah and Imamate in Zaydi doctrine. Zaidiyyah or Zaidi is a Shia madhhab (sect, school) named after the imam Zayd ibn Ali. Followers of the Zaidi fiqh are called Zaidis (or are occasionally called Fivers in the West). However, there is also a group called the Zaidi Wasītī s who are Twelvers.
The Fourteen Infallibles (Arabic: ٱلْمَعْصُومُون ٱلْأَرْبَعَة عَشَر, al-Maʿṣūmūn al-ʾArbaʿah ʿAšar; Persian: چهارده معصومین, Čahârdah Ma'sūmīn) in Twelver Shia Islam are the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima, and the Twelve Imams. All are considered to be infallible under the ...
Imam Reza Shrine in Mashhad, Iran is the third holiest site for Shia Muslims, [19] which contains the tomb of Ali al-Ridha, the eighth Shia imam. Ali al-Ridha is believed, by members of the Shia, to have been poisoned there upon the orders of Caliph Al-Ma'mun and the place was subsequently called, Mashhad ar-Ridhā (the place of martyrdom of ...
Nur al-Dahr Ali, in Anjudan, 1634–1671. Khalil Allah II Ali, last imam of Anjudan, 1671–1680. Shah Nizar II, established imamate in Kahak, 1680–1722. Sayyid Ali, in Kahak, 1722–1736. Sayyid Hasan Ali, established imamate in Shahr-e Babak, Kerman, 1736-1747, first Imam who abandoned the practice of taqiyya.
According to the Hadith of the Twelve Successors, Muhammad said that the Islamic leadership is in Quraysh (i.e. his tribe) and that 12 "imams" (also called "princes" or "caliphs") shall succeed him. [35] [36] [37] Twelver Shias believe in twelve imams. They believe eleven of the imams were killed but that the twelfth imam is still alive.