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Using a SELECT statement after the INSERT statement with a database-specific function that returns the generated primary key for the most recently inserted row. For example, LAST_INSERT_ID() for MySQL. Using a unique combination of elements from the original SQL INSERT in a subsequent SELECT statement.
Set operations in SQL is a type of operations which allow the results of multiple queries to be combined into a single result set. [1] Set operators in SQL include UNION, INTERSECT, and EXCEPT, which mathematically correspond to the concepts of union, intersection and set difference.
A common table expression, or CTE, (in SQL) is a temporary named result set, derived from a simple query and defined within the execution scope of a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. CTEs can be thought of as alternatives to derived tables ( subquery ), views , and inline user-defined functions.
Title Authors ----- ----- SQL Examples and Guide 4 The Joy of SQL 1 An Introduction to SQL 2 Pitfalls of SQL 1 Under the precondition that isbn is the only common column name of the two tables and that a column named title only exists in the Book table, one could re-write the query above in the following form:
Correlated subqueries may appear elsewhere besides the WHERE clause; for example, this query uses a correlated subquery in the SELECT clause to print the entire list of employees alongside the average salary for each employee's department. Again, because the subquery is correlated with a column of the outer query, it must be re-executed for ...
The SELECT statement has many optional clauses: SELECT list is the list of columns or SQL expressions to be returned by the query. This is approximately the relational algebra projection operation. AS optionally provides an alias for each column or expression in the SELECT list. This is the relational algebra rename operation.
There is also an IGNORE clause for the INSERT statement, [7] which tells the server to ignore "duplicate key" errors and go on (existing rows will not be inserted or updated, but all new rows will be inserted). SQLite's INSERT OR REPLACE INTO works similarly. It also supports REPLACE INTO as an alias for compatibility with MySQL. [8]
Data query language (DQL) is part of the base grouping of SQL sub-languages. These sub-languages are mainly categorized into four categories: a data query language (DQL), a data definition language (DDL), a data control language (DCL), and a data manipulation language (DML).