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Civil liberties were first introduced to southern and eastern Ukraine following the February Revolution, but were suspended with the outbreak of the Ukrainian War of Independence, when the territory fell under the sequential control of the Ukrainian State, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and South Russia.
History of Anarchism in Russia entry at the Anarchy Archives "Russian anarchism". Spunk Library. Black Bloc Archived 2013-07-20 at the Wayback Machine; A chronology of Russian anarchism Archived 2009-09-14 at the Wayback Machine (1921–1953) from Libcom.org; Articles on Bolshevik repression of anarchists after 1917 from the Kate Sharpley Library
The Russian Civil War (Russian: Гражданская война в России, romanized: Grazhdanskaya voyna v Rossii) was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the overthrowing of the Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.
The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Революційна Повстанська Армія України, romanized: Revoliutsiina Povstanska Armiia Ukrainy; RIAU), also known as Makhnovtsi (Ukrainian: Махновці), named after their founder Nestor Makhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War.
Russian anarchists opposed the creation of a regular Red Army with the call "To arms!" and the widespread organization of rebel committees with the aim of total arming of the populace. The anarchist press of Petrograd , Moscow and other large centers carried out massive agitation with the aim of creating free fighting squads of the "Black Guard".
Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War within the territory of the former Russian Empire sought the creation of independent nation states that were not aligned with the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution. Many pro-independence movements emerged after the dissolution of the Russian Empire and fought in the Russian Civil War. [1]
The civil war in Russia has generally been analyzed as a conflict between the Reds and the Whites . In reality, beyond the military confrontations between the Red Army and the various units that made up a fairly heteroclite white army, the most important thing was what happened in the rear of the most important front lines.
Volin, a leading Russian anarcho-syndicalist during the Russian Revolution and Civil War. When the Revolutions of 1917–1923 spread throughout Europe, anarchists and syndicalists became keen participants in the revolutionary wave. [84]