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This multimeric assembly complex, including p1 encoded by gene 1 (referred to as ZOT, zonula occludens toxin by researchers on Vibrio cholerae phage CTXΦ) is an ATPase containing functional and essential Walker motifs [22] that are thought to mediate the hydrolysis of ATP providing the energy for the assembly of the phage filament. Filamentous ...
Like the two-hybrid system, phage display is used for the high-throughput screening of protein interactions.In the case of M13 filamentous phage display, the DNA encoding the protein or peptide of interest is ligated into the pIII or pVIII gene, encoding either the minor or major coat protein, respectively.
M13 is one of the Ff phages (fd and f1 are others), a member of the family filamentous bacteriophage ().Ff phages are composed of circular single-stranded DNA (), which in the case of the m13 phage is 6407 nucleotides long and is encapsulated in approximately 2700 copies of the major coat protein p8, and capped with about 5 copies each of four different minor coat proteins (p3 and p6 at one ...
Shadowed electron micrograph of unaligned phage. Ff phages (for F specific filamentous phages) is a group of almost identical filamentous phage (genus Inovirus) including phages f1, fd, M13 and ZJ/2, which infect bacteria bearing the F fertility factor.
An altogether different phage type, the filamentous phage, makes the host cell continually secrete new virus particles. Released virions are described as free, and, unless defective, are capable of infecting a new bacterium. Budding is associated with certain Mycoplasma phages.
F1 Filamentous phage infection requires the presence of a pilus so only bacterial hosts containing the F-plasmid or its derivatives can be used to generate phage particles. Prior to the development of cycle sequencing, phagemids were used to generate single stranded DNA template for sequencing purposes.
CTXφ (also called CTXphi) is a filamentous phage that contains the genes for cholera toxin. Infectious CTXφ particles are produced when V. cholerae infects humans. Phage particles are secreted from bacterial cells without lysis. When CTXφ infects V. cholerae cells, it integrates into specific sites on either chromosome.
Phage therapy, viral phage therapy, or phagotherapy is the therapeutic use of bacteriophages for the treatment of pathogenic bacterial infections. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This therapeutic approach emerged at the beginning of the 20th century but was progressively replaced by the use of antibiotics in most parts of the world after the Second World War .