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Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis , [ 1 ] the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] stress tolerance [ 4 ] [ 5 ] and reproductive development. [ 6 ]
Phytohormones, particularly jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, and auxin, are central regulators of the long-term developmental changes underpinning thigmomorphogenesis. Among these, JA is a primary mediator, modulating gene expression and enhancing stress tolerance in response to mechanical stimuli.
Auxin induces shoot apical dominance; the axillary buds are inhibited by auxin, as a high concentration of auxin directly stimulates ethylene synthesis in axillary buds, causing inhibition of their growth and potentiation of apical dominance. When the apex of the plant is removed, the inhibitory effect is removed and the growth of lateral buds ...
He isolated and determined the structure of auxin, the first known plant hormone. He spent most of his early career (1935–1965) at Harvard University, and his later career (1965 - 1989) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. [1] He is credited with identifying indole-3-acetic acid as an auxin. [2] Thimann was born in Ashford, England.
Polar auxin transport (PAT) is directional and active flow of auxin molecules through the plant tissues. The flow of auxin molecules through the neighboring cells is driven by carriers (type of membrane transport protein) in the cell-to-cell fashion (from one cell to other cell and then to the next one) and the direction of the flow is determined by the localization of the carriers on the ...
Incoming light causes more auxin to flow from the exposed side to the shaded side, increasing the concentration of auxin on the shaded side and thus more growth occurring. [12] Fourth model. In the fourth model it shows the plant receiving light to inhibit auxin basipetal down to the exposed side, causing the auxin to only flow down the shaded ...
U.S. President Donald Trump will take part virtually in the World Economic Forum's annual meeting in Davos just days after his inauguration, the forum president said Tuesday. Børge Brende, a ...
Plant perception is the ability of plants to sense and respond to the environment by adjusting their morphology and physiology. [1] Botanical research has revealed that plants are capable of reacting to a broad range of stimuli, including chemicals, gravity, light, moisture, infections, temperature, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, parasite infestation, disease, physical disruption ...