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The Security of Information Act (French: Loi sur la protection de l’information, R.S.C. 1985, c. O-5), [1] formerly known as the Official Secrets Act, is an Act of the Parliament of Canada that addresses national security concerns, including threats of espionage by foreign powers and terrorist organizations, and the intimidation or coercion of ethnocultural communities in and against Canada.
The access and protection of both types of information is governed by the Security of Information Act, effective 24 December 2001, replacing the Official Secrets Act 1981. [25] To access the information, a person must have the appropriate security clearance and the need to know.
Freedom of information laws allow access by the general public to data held by national governments and, where applicable, by state and local governments. The emergence of freedom of information legislation was a response to increasing dissatisfaction with the secrecy surrounding government policy development and decision making. [1]
Mosaic theory, as a legal doctrine, remained mostly out public view until the September 11 attacks in 2001. In cases like Center for National Security Studies v. U.S. Department of Justice, Bush administration officials cited the mosaic theory before the D.C. Circuit court to argue for the blanket denial of FOIA requests in the interest of US national security.
In 2003, California passed the Notice of Security Breach Act, which requires that any company that maintains personal information of California citizens and has a security breach must disclose the details of the event. Personal information includes name, social security number, driver's license number, credit card number or financial information.
FOIA is an abbreviation for the "Freedom of Information Act," a set of laws designed to promote transparency by offering citizens access to government records, except for a few exceptions (e.g., personal privacy, national security, and law enforcement).
Part 3 amended the Canada Evidence Act to create a new standardized procedure for protecting classified information, regulating how and to whom such information may be disclosed in the course of judicial and administrative proceedings. [20] Part 4 enacted the Foreign Influence Transparency and Accountability Act.
The National Security Archive is a 501(c)(3) non-governmental, non-profit research and archival institution located on the campus of the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1985 to check rising government secrecy, the National Security Archive is an investigative journalism center, open government advocate, international affairs research institute, and the largest ...