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Endicott Period battery with two guns on disappearing carriages 10-inch disappearing gun at Battery Granger, Fort Hancock, New Jersey. In 1885, US President Grover Cleveland appointed a joint Army, Navy and civilian board, headed by Secretary of War William Crowninshield Endicott, known as the Board of Fortifications (now usually referred to simply as the Endicott Board).
Endicott Board, body convened in 1886 to address coastal defense needs of the US in light of rapid advances in naval ship design and weaponry Endicott Johnson Corporation , formerly the largest manufacturer of shoes in the US
Fort Whitman (Washington) was an Endicott Board fortification on Goat Island, Puget Sound, Washington state, just offshore of La Conner, [1] a part of the Harbor Defenses of Puget Sound. [2] It comprised a single 4 gun 6" DC battery, Battery Harrison , and mine control structures.
In 1885 the Endicott Board was convened under the subsequent Grover Cleveland administration, chaired by Secretary of War William Crowninshield Endicott. This board recommended a large-scale program of harbor defenses at 29 ports, including guns, mortars, and mine fields.
The Board and the program are usually called the Endicott Board and the Endicott Program. Most of the Board's recommendations were implemented, and by 1910, 27 locations were defended by over 70 forts. [151] [152] Many of the weapons remained in place until scrapped in World War II as they were replaced with new defenses. Endicott also proposed ...
The 12-inch coast defense mortar was a weapon of 12-inch (305 mm) caliber emplaced during the 1890s and early 20th century to defend US harbors from seaborne attack. [note 1] In 1886, when the Endicott Board set forth its initial plan for upgrading the coast defenses of the United States, it relied primarily on mortars, not guns, to defend American harbors.
William Crowninshield Endicott (November 19, 1826 – May 6, 1900) [1] was an American politician and Secretary of War in the first administration of President Grover Cleveland (1885–1889). Early life
In 1885, this Board was replaced by what has become known as the Endicott Board which issued formal recommendations for a major coastal defense network in 1886. Fort Mansfield was one of numerous coastal artillery installations constructed in the Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound as part of the coastal defense network for New York City .