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The pons asinorum in Oliver Byrne's edition of the Elements [1]. In geometry, the theorem that the angles opposite the equal sides of an isosceles triangle are themselves equal is known as the pons asinorum (/ ˈ p ɒ n z ˌ æ s ɪ ˈ n ɔːr ə m / PONZ ass-ih-NOR-əm), Latin for "bridge of asses", or more descriptively as the isosceles triangle theorem.
The area of a rational-sided right triangle is called a congruent number, so no congruent number can be square. A right triangle and a square with equal areas cannot have all sides commensurate with each other. There do not exist two integer-sided right triangles in which the two legs of one triangle are the leg and hypotenuse of the other ...
Equivalent statement 1: x n + y n = z n, where integer n ≥ 3, has no non-trivial solutions x, y, z ∈ Z. The equivalence is clear if n is even. If n is odd and all three of x, y, z are negative, then we can replace x, y, z with −x, −y, −z to obtain a solution in N. If two of them are negative, it must be x and z or y and z.
For four given elements there is one non-trivial case, which is discussed below. For three given elements there are six cases: three sides, two sides and an included or opposite angle, two angles and an included or opposite side, or three angles. (The last case has no analogue in planar trigonometry.) No single method solves all cases.
The general spherical triangle is fully determined by three of its six characteristics (3 sides and 3 angles). The lengths of the sides a, b, c of a spherical triangle are their central angles, measured in angular units rather than linear units. (On a unit sphere, the angle (in radians) and length around the sphere are numerically the same. On ...
[6] In an isosceles triangle that has exactly two equal sides, the equal sides are called legs and the third side is called the base. The angle included by the legs is called the vertex angle and the angles that have the base as one of their sides are called the base angles. [7] The vertex opposite the base is called the apex. [8]
Specifying two sides and an adjacent angle (SSA), however, can yield two distinct possible triangles unless the angle specified is a right angle. Triangles are congruent if they have all three sides equal (SSS), two sides and the angle between them equal (SAS), or two angles and a side equal (ASA) (Book I, propositions 4, 8, and 26).
In trigonometry, Mollweide's formula is a pair of relationships between sides and angles in a triangle. [1] [2]A variant in more geometrical style was first published by Isaac Newton in 1707 and then by Friedrich Wilhelm von Oppel [] in 1746.