Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The accompanying page—Plant morphology—provides an overview of the science of the external form of plants. There is also an alphabetical list: Glossary of botanical terms. In contrast, this page deals with botanical terms in a systematic manner, with some illustrations, and organized by plant anatomy and function in plant physiology. [1]
[1] abaxial Surface of an organ facing away from the organ's axis, e.g. the lower surface of a lateral organ such as a leaf or petal. [2] Contrast adaxial. abort To abandon development of a structure or organ. [3] abscission Natural shedding of an organ that is mature or aged, as of a ripe fruit or an old leaf. [4] abscission zone
The hypaxial muscles are located on the ventral side of the body, often below the horizontal septum in many species (primarily fish and amphibians). In all species, the hypaxial muscles are innervated by the ventral ramus (branch) of the spinal nerves, while the epaxial muscles are innervated by the dorsal ramus. [citation needed]
[2] [3] The skeletal muscle cells are much longer than in the other types of muscle tissue, and are also known as muscle fibers. [4] The tissue of a skeletal muscle is striated – having a striped appearance due to the arrangement of the sarcomeres. A skeletal muscle contains multiple fascicles – bundles of muscle fibers.
Antagonism is not an intrinsic property of a particular muscle or muscle group; it is a role that a muscle plays depending on which muscle is currently the agonist. During slower joint actions that involve gravity, just as with the agonist muscle, the antagonist muscle can shorten and lengthen.
[1] [2] [3] The calcium ion concentration in sarcoplasm is also a special element of the muscle fiber; it is the means by which muscle contractions take place and are regulated. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The sarcoplasm plays a critical role in muscle contraction as an increase in Ca 2+ concentration in the sarcoplasm begins the process of filament sliding.
A myofibril (also known as a muscle fibril or sarcostyle) [1] is a basic rod-like organelle of a muscle cell. [2] Skeletal muscles are composed of long, tubular cells known as muscle fibers, and these cells contain many chains of myofibrils. [3] Each myofibril has a diameter of 1–2 micrometres. [3]
The term was first proposed by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1827 and was constructed by analogy with the terms "petal" and "sepal". [ 1 ] [ 2 ] (De Candolle used the term perigonium or perigone for the tepals collectively; today, this term is used as a synonym for perianth .) [ 3 ]