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  2. Turn-taking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turn-taking

    Conditional access to the turn implies that the current speaker yields their turn or invites another speaker to interject in the conversation, usually as collaborative effort. [15] Another example that Schegloff illustrates is a speaker invited another to speak out of turn when finding a word in a word search.

  3. Error (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_(linguistics)

    In linguistics, it is considered important to distinguish errors from mistakes. A distinction is always made between errors and mistakes where the former is defined as resulting from a learner's lack of proper grammatical knowledge, whilst the latter as a failure to use a known system correctly. [9]

  4. Turn construction unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turn_construction_unit

    a. If the current speaker selects a next one to speak at the end of current TCU (by name, gaze or contextual aspects of what is said), the selected speaker has the right and obligation to speak next. b. If the current speaker does not select a next speaker, other potential speakers have the right to self-select (the first starter gets the turn) c.

  5. Language transfer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_transfer

    Blackboard in Harvard classroom shows students' efforts at placing the ü and acute accent diacritics used in Spanish orthography.. When the relevant unit or structure of both languages is the same, linguistic interference can result in correct language production called positive transfer: here, the "correct" meaning is in line with most native speakers' notions of acceptability. [3]

  6. Speech error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_error

    Error: Bake my bike. Perseveration Target: He pulled a tantrum. Error: He pulled a pantrum. Performance errors supply evidence for the psychological existence of discrete linguistic units. Speech errors involve substitutions, shifts, additions and deletions of segments. "In order to move a sound, the speaker must think of it as a separate unit."

  7. Transition (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_(linguistics)

    A transition or linking word is a word or phrase that shows the relationship between paragraphs or sections of a text or speech. [1] Transitions provide greater cohesion by making it more explicit or signaling how ideas relate to one another. [1] Transitions are, in fact, "bridges" that "carry a reader from section to section". [1] Transitions ...

  8. Speech perception - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_perception

    Figure 2: A spectrogram of the phrase "I owe you". There are no clearly distinguishable boundaries between speech sounds. Although listeners perceive speech as a stream of discrete units [citation needed] (phonemes, syllables, and words), this linearity is difficult to see in the physical speech signal (see Figure 2 for an example).

  9. Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Cite_error_references_no_text

    You may have misspelled the reference name, used special characters that look the same but are actually different, or the original named reference is missing (for example, if you just copied and pasted the invoked ref).