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The Raufoss Mk 211 is a .50 BMG (12.7×99mm NATO) multi-purpose anti-material high-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition projectile produced by Nammo under the model name NM140 MP. [1] It is commonly referred to as multipurpose or Raufoss , meaning red waterfall in Norwegian.
Raufoss Mk 211. High-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition (HEIAP) is a form of shell which combines armor-piercing capability and a high-explosive effect. In this respect it is a modern version of an armor-piercing shell. The ammunition may also be called semi-armor-piercing high-explosive incendiary (SAPHEI). [1]
Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker was a Norwegian company based at Raufoss, established in 1896 as Rødfoss Patronfabrik. Initially the company manufactured ammunition, and later also other products, such as aluminium parts to the automotive industry. Until 1948 the company was a subordinate to the Norwegian Ministry of Defence.
The Raufoss .50 round itself is easily identified by its sea-green colored bullet tip over a underlying tip color of white/silver. The headstamp on the casing can also help to identify the round as Raufoss and some common headstamps include: HXP89, WCC94 & FN91; or HXP, WCC or FN with different 2-digit numbers as production year suffixes.
NFPA 921, "Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations", is a peer reviewed document that is published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Its purpose is "to establish guidelines and recommendations for the safe and systematic investigation or analysis of fire and explosion incidents" (section 1.2.1).
Explosion protection is used to protect all sorts of buildings and civil engineering infrastructure against internal and external explosions or deflagrations. It was widely believed [ 1 ] until recently that a building subject to an explosive attack had a chance to remain standing only if it possessed some extraordinary resistive capacity.
Quantity-distance (QD) is the foundation of DOD explosives safety standards. It defines levels of protection from blast based on relationships between the quantity of explosive material (NEW) and distance. The relationships are based on levels of risk considered acceptable for specific exposures but they do not provide absolute safety or ...
U.S. Marine Corps Staff Sergeant Steve Reichert – Killed an Iraqi insurgent and possibly injured two more hiding behind a brick wall with a shot from 1 mile in Lutayfiyah, Iraq on 9 April 2004. Reichert was using a Barrett M82A3.50 BMG rifle loaded with Raufoss Mk 211 multipurpose rounds. During the same engagement Reichert killed an Iraqi ...