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Hyperacusis is an increased sensitivity to sound and a low tolerance for environmental noise. Definitions of hyperacusis can vary significantly; it often revolves around damage to or dysfunction of the stapes bone, stapedius muscle or tensor tympani ().
These drugs aim to achieve adequate muscle relaxation for surgical procedures to prevent surgical trauma. [2] Vecuronium and pancuronium have an onset of 2 to 5 minutes in adults. [2] The time it takes to recover 25% of neuromuscular control after vecuronium and pancuronium therapy are 25 to 40 minutes and 60 to 80 minutes respectively. [2]
It is commonly used by professional and performance athletes with acute pain and/or muscle tenderness as it is drug-free and non-invasive, thus avoiding testing and recovery issues. It is also used as a cosmetic treatment .
Muscle relaxants inhibit neuron transmission to muscle by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. What they have in common, and is necessary for their effect, is the structural presence of quaternary ammonium groups, usually two. Some of them are found in nature and others are synthesized molecules. [9] [5]
OTC devices are marketable only for muscle toning; prescription devices can be purchased only with a medical prescription for therapy. Prescription devices should be used under the supervision of an authorized practitioner, for the following uses: Relaxation of muscle spasms; Prevention or retardation of disuse atrophy;
TTS (Temporary Threshold Shift) is a temporary change of the hearing threshold the hearing loss that will be recovered after a few hours to couple of days. Also called auditory fatigue. TTS is also measured in decibels. In addition to hearing loss, other external symptoms of an acoustic trauma can be: Tinnitus [10] Otalgia [11] Hyperacusis [10]
A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms , pain , and hyperreflexia . The term "muscle relaxant" is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics .
Muscle energy techniques can be employed to reposition a dysfunctional joint and treat the affected musculature. Indications include, but are not limited to: muscular shortening, low back pain , pelvic imbalance, edema , limited range of motion, somatic dysfunction, respiratory dysfunction, cervicogenic headaches , and many others.