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Constant air volume (CAV) fume hoods maintain a consistent volume of air within the hood, regardless of the position of the sash window. This results in changes in air velocity depending on the position of the sash; [34] the sash is adjusted to an appropriate working height to achieve adequate face velocity.
A kitchen hood in a small apartment. A kitchen hood, exhaust hood, hood fan, extractor hood, or range hood is a device containing a mechanical fan that hangs above the stove or cooktop in the kitchen. It removes airborne grease, combustion products, fumes, smoke, heat, and steam from the air by evacuation of the air and filtration. [1]
Kitchen ventilation is the branch of ventilation specialising in the treatment of air from kitchens. [1] It addresses the problems of grease, smoke and odours not found in most other ventilation systems. Restaurant kitchens often use large extractor hoods. Kitchen ventilation equipment includes an extractor hood or canopy, and a filtering ...
A laminar flow cabinet blows unfiltered exhaust air towards the worker and is not safe for work with pathogenic agents, [2]: 13 [3] while a fume hood maintains negative pressure with constant exhaust to protect the user, but does not protect the work materials from contamination by the surrounding environment.
A representative pressure–volume diagram for a refrigeration cycle. Vapour-compression refrigeration or vapor-compression refrigeration system (VCRS), [1] in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air conditioning of buildings and automobiles.
A fume extractor is a device used to filter aerosolized chemical byproducts of the soldering process. [1] These devices take many forms depending on the project size and application, from small ductwork to entire fume hoods. [ 2 ]
Thermodynamic heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. [1] A heat pump is a mechanical system that transmits heat from one location (the "source") at a certain temperature to another location (the "sink" or "heat sink") at a higher temperature. [2]
Refrigeration has thus rapidly evolved in the past century, from ice harvesting to temperature-controlled rail cars, refrigerator trucks, and ubiquitous refrigerators and freezers in both stores and homes in many countries. The introduction of refrigerated rail cars contributed to the settlement of areas that were not on earlier main transport ...