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2. Chomsky hierarchy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomsky_hierarchy

   The Chomsky hierarchy in the fields of formal language theory, computer science, and linguistics, is a containment hierarchy of classes of formal grammars. A formal grammar describes how to form strings from a language's vocabulary (or alphabet) that are valid according to the language's syntax. The linguist Noam Chomsky theorized that four ...

3. Mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

   Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formulas and related structures), geometry (the study ...

4. Syntactic Structures - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_Structures

   The grammar model discussed in Noam Chomsky's Syntactic Structures (1957) Chomsky's transformational grammar has three parts: phrase structure rules, transformational rules and morphophonemic rules. [68] The phrase structure rules are used for expanding grammatical categories and for substitutions. These yield a string of morphemes. A ...

5. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

   Newton's first law expresses the principle of inertia: the natural behavior of a body is to move in a straight line at constant speed. A body's motion preserves the status quo, but external forces can perturb this. The modern understanding of Newton's first law is that no inertial observer is privileged over any other.

6. Chomsky normal form - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomsky_normal_form

   Further reading. Chomsky normal form. Not to be confused with conjunctive normal form. In formal language theory, a context-free grammar, G, is said to be in Chomsky normal form (first described by Noam Chomsky) [ 1 ] if all of its production rules are of the form: [ 2 ][ 3 ] A → BC, or. A → a, or.

7. Old English grammar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English_grammar

   The grammar of Old English differs greatly from Modern English, predominantly being much more inflected.As a Germanic language, Old English has a morphological system similar to that of the Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including constructions characteristic of the Germanic daughter languages such as ...