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Rejuvenation is a medical discipline focused on the practical reversal of the aging process. [ 1 ] Rejuvenation is distinct from life extension. Life extension strategies often study the causes of aging and try to oppose those causes in order to slow aging. Rejuvenation is the reversal of aging and thus requires a different strategy, namely ...
Strategies for engineered negligible senescence. Strategies for engineered negligible senescence (SENS) is a range of proposed regenerative medical therapies, either planned or currently in development, for the periodic repair of all age-related damage to human tissue. These therapies have the ultimate aim of maintaining a state of negligible ...
Cellular senescence is a phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cell division. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] In their experiments during the early 1960s, Leonard Hayflick and Paul Moorhead found that normal human fetal fibroblasts in culture reach a maximum of approximately 50 cell population doublings before becoming senescent. [ 4 ][ 5 ][ 6 ] This ...
Over time, almost all living organisms experience a gradual and irreversible increase in senescence and an associated loss of proper function of the bodily systems. As aging is the primary risk factor for major human diseases, including cancer , diabetes , cardiovascular disorders , and neurodegenerative diseases , it is important to describe ...
DNA damage resulting in multiple broken chromosomes. DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. [ 1 ] In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in tens of thousands of ...
As the cell divides, the telomeres on the ends of chromosomes shorten. The Hayflick limit is the limit on cell replication imposed by the shortening of telomeres with each division. This end stage is known as cellular senescence. The Hayflick limit has been found to correlate with the length of the telomeric region at the end of chromosomes.
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (abbreviated to TERT, or hTERT in humans) is a catalytic subunit of the enzyme telomerase, which, together with the telomerase RNA component (TERC), comprises the most important unit of the telomerase complex. [ 5 ][ 6 ] Telomerases are part of a distinct subgroup of RNA-dependent polymerases.
cGAS–STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway. The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes that can lead to senescence [1] or to the activation of defense mechanisms. DNA is normally found in the nucleus of the ...