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  2. Venn diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venn_diagram

    v. t. e. A Venn diagram is a widely used diagram style that shows the logical relation between sets, popularized by John Venn (1834–1923) in the 1880s. The diagrams are used to teach elementary set theory, and to illustrate simple set relationships in probability, logic, statistics, linguistics and computer science.

  3. Logical biconditional - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_biconditional

    t. e. Venn diagram of (true part in red) In logic and mathematics, the logical biconditional, also known as material biconditional or equivalence or biimplication or bientailment, is the logical connective used to conjoin two statements and to form the statement " if and only if " (often abbreviated as " iff " [ 1 ]), where is known as the ...

  4. Boolean algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_algebra

    The three Venn diagrams in the figure below represent respectively conjunction x ∧ y, disjunction x ∨ y, and complement ¬x. Figure 2. Venn diagrams for conjunction, disjunction, and complement. For conjunction, the region inside both circles is shaded to indicate that x ∧ y is 1 when both variables are 1.

  5. Exclusive or - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_or

    Venn diagram of . Exclusive or, exclusive disjunction, exclusive alternation, logical non-equivalence, or logical inequality is a logical operator whose negation is the logical biconditional. With two inputs, XOR is true if and only if the inputs differ (one is true, one is false).

  6. Euler diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_diagram

    Euler diagram. An Euler diagram (/ ˈɔɪlər /, OY-lər) is a diagrammatic means of representing sets and their relationships. They are particularly useful for explaining complex hierarchies and overlapping definitions. They are similar to another set diagramming technique, Venn diagrams.

  7. Logical disjunction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_disjunction

    Logical disjunction. In logic, disjunction, also known as logical disjunction or logical or or logical addition or inclusive disjunction, is a logical connective typically notated as and read aloud as "or". For instance, the English language sentence "it is sunny or it is warm" can be represented in logic using the disjunctive formula ...

  8. Conditional mutual information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_mutual_information

    The conditional mutual informations , and are represented by the yellow, cyan, and magenta regions, respectively. In probability theory, particularly information theory, the conditional mutual information[1][2] is, in its most basic form, the expected value of the mutual information of two random variables given the value of a third.

  9. Diagrammatic reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagrammatic_reasoning

    The study of diagrammatic reasoningis about the understanding of concepts and ideas, visualized with the use of diagramsand imageryinstead of by linguisticor algebraicmeans. Diagram. [edit] A diagramis a 2D geometric symbolic representationof informationaccording to some visualizationtechnique. Sometimes, the technique uses a 3Dvisualization ...

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