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A batwing or super turnstile antenna is a broadcasting antenna used at VHF and UHF frequencies, named for its distinctive shape resembling a bat wing or bow tie. Stacked arrays of batwing antennas are used as television broadcasting antennas due to their omnidirectional characteristics. [1] Batwing antennas generate a horizontally polarized signal.
The biconical antenna has a broad bandwidth because it is an example of a traveling wave structure; the analysis for a theoretical infinite antenna resembles that of a transmission line. For an infinite antenna, the characteristic impedance at the point of connection is a function of the cone angle only and is independent of the frequency.
The far-field pattern of an antenna may be determined experimentally at an antenna range, or alternatively, the near-field pattern may be found using a near-field scanner, and the radiation pattern deduced from it by computation. [1] The far-field radiation pattern can also be calculated from the antenna shape by computer programs such as NEC.
Vertical polarized VHF-UHF biconical antenna 170–1100 MHz with omnidirectional H-plane pattern. Omnidirectional radiation patterns are produced by the simplest practical antennas, monopole and dipole antennas, consisting of one or two straight rod conductors on a common axis. Antenna gain (G) is defined as antenna efficiency (e) multiplied by ...
This reduces stored energy in the electric field, reducing antenna Q while also reducing losses. The elevation pattern might be distorted with grating lobes. SWR (standing wave ratio) is typically 1.5:1 or less over several octaves of frequency. [4] A discone antenna consists of three main parts: the disc, the cone, and the insulator.
The log-periodic is commonly used as a transmitting antenna in high power shortwave broadcasting [15] stations because its broad bandwidth allows a single antenna to transmit on frequencies in multiple bands. The log-periodic zig-zag design with up to 16 sections has been used.
A reconfigurable antenna is an antenna capable of modifying its frequency and radiation properties dynamically, in a controlled and reversible manner. [2] In order to provide a dynamic response, reconfigurable antennas integrate an inner mechanism (such as RF switches, varactors, mechanical actuators or tunable materials) that enable the intentional redistribution of the RF currents over the ...
A turnstile antenna, or crossed-dipole antenna, [1] is a radio antenna consisting of a set of two identical dipole antennas mounted at right angles to each other and fed in phase quadrature; the two currents applied to the dipoles are 90° out of phase. [2] [3] The name reflects the notion the antenna looks like a turnstile when mounted ...