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Interwar Romania (1920–1940) The Bessarabian question was both political and national in nature. According to the 1897 census, Bessarabia, then a guberniya of the Russian Empire, had a population that was 47.6% Romanians, 19.6% Ukrainians, 8% Russians, 11.8% Jews, 5.3% Bulgarians, 3.1% Germans and 2.9% Gagauz.
Bessarabia [a] (/ ˌ b ɛ s ə ˈ r eɪ b i ə /) is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Bessarabia lies within modern-day Moldova, with the Budjak region covering the southern coastal region and part of the Ukrainian Chernivtsi Oblast covering a ...
Bukovina's population was historically ethnically diverse. Today, Bukovina's northern half is the Chernivtsi Oblast of Ukraine, while the southern part is Suceava County of Romania. [2] Bukovina is sometimes known as the 'Switzerland of the East', given its diverse ethnic mosaic and deep forested mountainous landscapes. [5] [6] [7]
More than 45,000 Jews, likely 60,000, were killed in Bessarabia and Bukovina. Furthermore, until 15 November 1943, between 104,522 and 120,810 Romanian citizens of Jewish ethnicity or descent originating in Bessarabia, Bukovina and the Old Kingdom died in Transnistria as a result of typhus, hunger, cold or straightforward murder. [7]
Ewell's work on music theory's white racial frame—and the ensuing controversy from the 2020 publication of Journal of Schenkerian Studies ' twelfth volume—has received wide-ranging media attention from Alex Ross at The New Yorker, [28] The New York Times, [33] NPR, [34] and Inside Higher Ed. [35]
Such figures were not confirmed after the opening of Soviet archives: historian Igor Cașu indicated a figure of 86,604 people from Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and Hertsa Region who suffered political repression in 1940–1941, the greater part (53,000) being subjected to forced conscription for labour across the Soviet Union.
Romania tried to defend and secure its new borders during the interwar period with the help of France and the United Kingdom (UK), but at the start of World War II, Romania was left defenseless and in a 1940 ultimatum, the Soviet Union demanded and occupied Bessarabia and also Northern Bukovina as "compensation" for the "great loss brought to ...
Map of the Kingdom of Romania between 1918 and 1940 (Greater Romania) and its historical regions. In Romanian historiography, the Great Union (Romanian: Marea Unire) or Great Union of 1918 (Marea Unire din 1918) was the series of political unifications the Kingdom of Romania had with several of the Romanian historical regions, starting with Bessarabia on 27 March 1918, continuing with Bukovina ...