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A soil scientist examining horizons within a soil profile. Soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the Earth including soil formation, classification and mapping; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils; and these properties in relation to the use and management of soils.
Pioneer of soil amelioration and naturalist Charles Darwin: 1809–1882: UK: Father of modern soil science. First scholarly treatment of soil forming processes Johanna Döbereiner: 1924–2000: Brazil: Prominent Brazilian agronomist Vasily V. Dokuchaev: 1840–1903: Russia: Variously the father of modern soil science, pedology, soil geography ...
Soil formation, also known as pedogenesis, is the process of soil genesis as regulated by the effects of place, environment, and history. Biogeochemical processes act to both create and destroy order ( anisotropy ) within soils.
Soil Profile on Chalk at Seven Sisters Country Park, England. Pedology (from Greek: πέδον, pedon, "soil"; and λόγος, logos, "study") is a discipline within soil science which focuses on understanding and characterizing soil formation, evolution, and the theoretical frameworks for modeling soil bodies, often in the context of the natural environment. [1]
The history of edaphology is not simple, as the two main alternative terms for soil science—pedology and edaphology—were initially poorly distinguished. [10] Friedrich Albert Fallou originally conceived pedology in the 19th century as a fundamental science separate from the applied science of agrology, [11] a predecessor term for edaphology, [12] a distinction retained in the current ...
Estimates of other types of soil climate are now beginning to find their way into the classification of soils, the models for soil formation, and into the study of soil biology. The classification of climate from paleosols can be related using climatically sensitive features of soils that are sensitive to particular climatic variables, but even ...
Soil ecology studies interactions among soil organisms, and their environment. [1] It is particularly concerned with the cycling of nutrients , soil aggregate formation and soil biodiversity . [ 2 ]
Soil biology is the study of microbial and faunal activity and ecology in soil. Soil life , soil biota , soil fauna , or edaphon is a collective term that encompasses all organisms that spend a significant portion of their life cycle within a soil profile, or at the soil- litter interface.