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Devotees praying to Santa Muerte in Mexico. Santa Muerte can be translated into English as either "Saint Death" or "Holy Death", although R. Andrew Chesnut, Ph.D. in Latin American history and professor of Religious studies, believes that the former is a more accurate translation because it "better reveals" her identity as a folk saint.
The Catholic Church has been present in what is now Mexico since the earliest years of the sixteenth century. As early as 1517, the expedition of Francisco Hernández de Córdoba brought Catholicism to the Yucatan, where the first diocese in continental North America would be erected in 1518. Mexico's first saint was canonized in 1862.
San Pascualito (also known as San Pascualito Muerte and El Rey San Pascual) is a folk saint associated with Saint Paschal Baylon and venerated in Guatemala and the Mexican state of Chiapas. He is called "King of the Graveyard." [1] His veneration is associated with the curing of disease, and is related to the Latin American cult of death.
Votive painting dedicated to Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos 1911 painting; the man survived an attack by a bull.. Votive paintings in Mexico go by several names in Spanish such as “ex voto,” “retablo” or “lámina,” which refer to their purpose, place often found, or material from which they are traditionally made respectively.
Much memento mori art is associated with the Mexican festival Day of the Dead, including skull-shaped candies and bread loaves adorned with bread "bones". This theme was also famously expressed in the works of the Mexican engraver José Guadalupe Posada, in which people from various walks of life are depicted as skeletons.
The French-born Mexican artist Jean Charlot played a key role in the rediscovery of Posada, who was little known after his death. The image we know as Catrina appeared in a book for the first time 1930, at which time the title Calavera Catrina was attached to it.
Saint Sebastian Interceding for the Plague Stricken (at top), [19] Josse Lieferinxe, 1497–1499, The Walters Art Museum. The belief that Saint Sebastian was a defense against the plague was a medieval addition to his reputation, which largely accounts for the enormous increase in his importance in the Late Middle Ages. [20]
Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin (1474–1548), [a] also known simply as Juan Diego (Spanish pronunciation: [ˌxwanˈdjeɣo]), was a Nahua peasant and Marian visionary.He is said to have been granted apparitions of Our Lady of Guadalupe on four occasions in December 1531: three at the hill of Tepeyac and a fourth before don Juan de Zumárraga, then the first bishop of Mexico.