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Pergamon or Pergamum (/ ˈ p ɜːr ɡ ə m ə n / or / ˈ p ɜːr ɡ ə m ɒ n /; Ancient Greek: Πέργαμον), also referred to by its modern Greek form Pergamos (Πέργαμος), [a] [1] was a rich and powerful ancient Greek city in Aeolis.
Pergamus or Pergamos (Ancient Greek: Πέργαμος), or Pergamia [1] or Pergamea, [2] was a town of ancient Crete, to which a mythical origin was ascribed.According to Virgil, it was founded by Aeneas (see Pergamea), [2] according to Velleius Paterculus by Agamemnon, [3] and according to Servius by the Trojan prisoners belonging to the fleet of Agamemnon. [4]
The Library of Pergamum (Greek: Βιβλιοθήκη του Πέργαμον) is an ancient Greek building in Pergamon, Anatolia, today located nearby the modern town of Bergama, in the İzmir Province of western Turkey. It was one of the most important libraries in the ancient world. [2]
Pergamus (or Pergamos) is also the name of the citadel of Troy in Homer's Iliad. The King James Version of the Bible uses the name "Pergamos" in Revelation 2:12 for the seat of one of the seven churches of Asia , a city that modern translations call Pergamum or Pergamon .
Map of western Anatolia showing the island Patmos and the locations of the cities housing the seven churches. The Seven Churches of Revelation, also known as the Seven Churches of the Apocalypse and the Seven Churches of Asia, are seven churches of early Christianity mentioned in the New Testament Book of Revelation.
The Ship Sarcophagus: a Phoenician ship carved on a sarcophagus, 2nd century AD.. The theory of Phoenician discovery of the Americas suggests that the earliest Old World contact with the Americas was not with Columbus or Norse settlers, but with the Phoenicians (or, alternatively, other Semitic peoples) in the first millennium BC.
The reconstructed Pergamon Altar in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. Side view Carl Humann's 1881 plan of the Pergamon acropolis. The Pergamon Altar (Ancient Greek: Βωμός τῆς Περγάμου) was a monumental construction built during the reign of the Ancient Greek King Eumenes II in the first half of the 2nd century BC on one of the terraces of the acropolis of Pergamon in Asia Minor ...
Pergamos had a population of 87 in 1881 (first British census). [4] During the British period it was almost solely inhabited by Turkish Cypriots, which it remains. [3] In 1960 there were 826 inhabitants, all Turkish Cypriots. [7] In 2011 the population was 1,196, a slight decrease from 1,270 in 2006. [2]