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The sovereign prince (French: prince de Monaco) is the monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All reigning princes and princesses have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi. When Prince Rainier III died in 2005, he was Europe's longest reigning monarch. [1]
Monaco was occupied by the Duchy of Milan under the governorship of Genoese Biagio Assereto from 3 October to November 1436. On 20 November 1441, Jean gained sovereignty for Monaco. Jean's testament replaced the Lex Salica with Male-preference primogeniture, thus allowing for female succession (then British system). Ambroise (?–1433) 1427 ...
Princess Florestine of Monaco 1833 - 1897: Wilhelm, 1st Duke of Urach 1810 - 1869: Albert I 1848 - 1889 - 1922: Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton 1850 - 1922: Mindaugas II of Lithuania 1864 - 1928 heir to the Monegasque throne: Marie Juliette Louvet 1867- 1930: Louis II 1870 - 1922 - 1949: Prince Pierre, Duke of Valentinois 1895 - 1964
Monaco and the neighbouring County of Nice were taken by the revolutionary army in 1792, and were French-controlled until 1815. Nice passed back to the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1815; then it was ceded to France by the Treaty of Turin (1860). Monaco was re-established by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, with a brief Italian occupation in 1940–43.
Under the constitution of Monaco, the crown passes according to male-preference cognatic primogeniture.Only persons descended from the reigning monarch and the reigning monarch's siblings and their descendants, whose parents have been married at some point with the monarch's approval, and who are Monegasque citizens are eligible.
Albert II (Albert Alexandre Louis Pierre Grimaldi; [2] born 14 March 1958) is Prince of Monaco, reigning since 2005.. Born at the Prince's Palace of Monaco, Albert is the second child and only son of Prince Rainier III and Princess Grace.
Monaco has been governed under a constitutional monarchy since 1911, with the Sovereign Prince of Monaco as head of state. [67] The executive branch consists of a Prime Minister as the head of government , who presides over the other five members of the Council of Government . [ 68 ]
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