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  2. Instruction pipelining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_pipelining

    In computer engineering, instruction pipelining is a technique for implementing instruction-level parallelism within a single processor. Pipelining attempts to keep every part of the processor busy with some instruction by dividing incoming instructions into a series of sequential steps (the eponymous "pipeline") performed by different processor units with different parts of instructions ...

  3. Instruction scheduling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_scheduling

    Modulo scheduling: an algorithm for generating software pipelining, which is a way of increasing instruction level parallelism by interleaving different iterations of an inner loop. Trace scheduling : the first practical approach for global scheduling, trace scheduling tries to optimize the control flow path that is executed most often.

  4. Instruction-level parallelism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction-level_parallelism

    Instruction pipelining, where the execution of multiple instructions can be partially overlapped. Superscalar execution, VLIW, and the closely related explicitly parallel instruction computing concepts, in which multiple execution units are used to execute multiple instructions in parallel.

  5. Branch predictor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branch_predictor

    The purpose of the branch predictor is to improve the flow in the instruction pipeline. Branch predictors play a critical role in achieving high performance in many modern pipelined microprocessor architectures. Figure 1: Example of 4-stage pipeline. The colored boxes represent instructions independent of each other.

  6. Classic RISC pipeline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_RISC_pipeline

    The main common concept of each design is a five-stage execution instruction pipeline. During operation, each pipeline stage works on one instruction at a time. Each of these stages consists of a set of flip-flops to hold state, and combinational logic that operates on the outputs of those flip-flops.

  7. Pipeline (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline_(computing)

    In instruction pipelines, this technique is called out-of-order execution. Guess and backtrack: One important example of item-to-item dependency is the handling of a conditional branch instruction X by an instruction pipeline. The first stage A of the pipeline, that fetches the next instruction Y to be executed, cannot perform its task until X ...

  8. Cycles per instruction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycles_per_instruction

    With pipelining, a new instruction is fetched every clock cycle by exploiting instruction-level parallelism, therefore, since one could theoretically have five instructions in the five pipeline stages at once (one instruction per stage), a different instruction would complete stage 5 in every clock cycle and on average the number of clock ...

  9. Instruction cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_cycle

    The instruction cycle (also known as the fetch–decode–execute cycle, or simply the fetch–execute cycle) is the cycle that the central processing unit (CPU) follows from boot-up until the computer has shut down in order to process instructions. It is composed of three main stages: the fetch stage, the decode stage, and the execute stage.