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The test grease is inserted into the container and the plunger is stroked 60 times while the test apparatus and grease are maintained at a temperature of 25 °C. Once worked, the grease is placed in a penetration test apparatus. This apparatus consists of a container, a specially-configured cone and a dial indicator. The container is filled ...
In 1921, US government lubrication specifications were drawn up to facilitate the purchase of oil by the government. [9] Representatives from the government, SAE, and the American Petroleum Institute met in 1922, [13] resulting in SAE adopting a specification for 10 grades of oil in March 1923. [11] [9] This specification was not adopted for ...
Lithium-based grease has a dropping point at 190 to 220 °C (374 to 428 °F). However the maximum usable temperature for lithium-based grease is 120 °C. The amount of grease in a sample can be determined in a laboratory by extraction with a solvent followed by e.g. gravimetric determination. [6]
The Cat CT660 is a Class 8 vocational truck sold by Caterpillar Inc. which represents a diversification of the company's product line into the on-highway trucking industry. [1] Available at Cat dealers from summer 2011, the truck was equipped with either a CAT 11 liter CT11 or 13 liter CT13 engine and is built at Navistar International ’s ...
Caterpillar first introduced the RD4 in 1936, [1] as the diesel follow on to the successful CAT 30 gas model. The RD4 originally weighed in at 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg), and used Caterpillar's D4400 engine, an inline four-cylinders, with a 4.25 by 5.50 inches (108 mm × 140 mm) bore and stroke. [ 2 ]
Tallow is still used in the steel rolling industry to provide the required lubrication as the sheet steel is compressed through the steel rollers. There is a trend toward replacing tallow-based lubrication with synthetic oils in rolling applications for surface cleanliness reasons. [20]
A new set of specifications, GF-5, [29] took effect in October 2010. The industry had one year to convert their oils to GF-5 and in September 2011, ILSAC no longer offered licensing for GF-4. After nearly a decade of GF-5, ILSAC released final GF-6 specifications in 2019, with licensed sales to oil manufacturers and re-branders to begin in May ...
In most common greases, the thickener is a light or alkali metal soap, forming a sponge-like structure that encapsulates the oil droplets. Beyond lubrication, greases are generally expected to provide corrosion protection, typically achieved through additives. To prevent drying out at higher temperatures, dry lubricants are also added.