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The Twelve Years' Truce was a ceasefire during the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic, agreed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 and ended on 9 April 1621. [1] While European powers like France began treating the Republic as a sovereign state, the Spanish viewed it as a temporary measure forced on them by financial exhaustion and domestic issues and did not formally recognise Dutch ...
The Treaty of Antwerp, which initiated the Twelve Years' Truce, was an armistice signed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 between Spain and the Netherlands, creating the major break in hostilities during the Eighty Years' War for independence conducted by the Seventeen Provinces in the Low Countries.
The Filipino negotiators for the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. Seated from left to right: Pedro Paterno and Emilio Aguinaldo with five companions The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, signed on December 14, 1897, [3] [4] created a truce between Spanish colonial Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and the revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo to end the Philippine Revolution.
1609: The Twelve Years' Truce halted the fighting in the Spanish Netherlands. 1610: Henry IV of France was assassinated. The Pax Hispanica (1598-1621) comprises the two peaceful decades of the Spanish Golden Age (1492-1661), a distinct and broader concept marked by wars of conquest in the Americas and the involvement in several European conflicts.
But rather than a step towards peace, Vaucelles proved to be but a lull in the war; continued desire for revenge led to numerous incidents during the negotiations, and the stipulations of the truce were never fully implemented and observed before war resumed in September 1556 with the Spanish invasion of the pro-French Papal States.
[1] [2] [3] It was called to propose a general truce and an unprecedented inter-gang alliance. The impetus for the meeting was the murder of "Black Benjie", a peace keeper of the Ghetto Brothers. While no lasting peace was ever established, a subsequent negotiation established a procedure for dealing with conflicts to avoid street warfare.
The treaty provided a short truce, followed by the relinquishment in January 1492 of the sovereignty of the Muslim Emirate of Granada (founded in the 13th century) to Catholic Spain. [3] The treaty guaranteed a set of rights to the Moors , Muslim inhabitants, including religious tolerance and fair treatment in return for their surrender and ...
Franco–Farnese victory over Imperial-Spanish-Papal army. 15 January 1552: Treaty of Chambord. Henry II of France allied himself with German Protestant princes against Charles V. 29 April 1552: A two-year truce ended the War of Parma. March–August 1552: Second Schmalkaldic War (or Princes' Revolt).