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Even with much modification, some features of the human skeleton remain poorly adapted to bipedalism, leading to negative implications prevalent in humans today. The lower back and knee joints are plagued by osteological malfunction, lower back pain being a leading cause of lost working days, [18] because the joints support more weight.
the lumbar region encompassing the lower back. the sacral region occurring at the end of the spine, directly above the buttocks. The regions of the back of the arms, from superior to inferior, include the cervical region encompassing the neck, the acromial region encompassing the shoulder, the brachial region encompassing the upper arm,
The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle and the bones of the upper and lower limbs. The human skeleton performs six major functions: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation.
The human skeleton is composed of both fused and individual bones supported by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It is a complex structure with two distinct divisions; the axial skeleton , which includes the vertebral column , and the appendicular skeleton .
The appendicular skeleton, comprising the arms and legs, including the shoulder and pelvic girdles, contains 126 bones, bringing the total for the entire skeleton to 206 bones. Infants are born with about 270 bones [ 4 ] with most of it being cartilage, but will later fuse together and decrease over time to 206 bones.
The back also serves as the largest canvas for body art on the human body. Because of its size and the relative lack of hair, the back presents an ideal canvas on the human body for lower back tattoos, mostly among young women. Indeed, some individuals have tattoos that cover the entirety of the back. Others have smaller tattoos at significant ...
1 popliteus: Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Deep middle facet of lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle: posterior tibia under tibial condyles: popliteal artery: tibial nerve: medially rotates and flexes knee: 2 1 flexor hallucis longus: Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Deep, tarsal tunnel: posterior surface of upper 1/3 of ...
Upper limb – includes the hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, arm, shoulder; Thorax – the region of the chest from the thoracic inlet to the thoracic diaphragm; Human abdomen to the pelvic brim or to the pelvic inlet; The back – the spine and its components, the vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, intervertebral disks