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A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate). As counterions, there can be metal cations, quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation (NO + 2). The term perchlorate can also describe perchlorate esters or covalent ...
Chlorine perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Cl 2 O 4. This chlorine oxide is an asymmetric oxide, with one chlorine atom in +1 oxidation state and the other +7, with proper formula ClOClO 3. It is produced by the photodimerization of chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) at room temperature by 436 nm ultraviolet light: [2] [3] [4] 2ClO 2 ...
Other oxyanions of chlorine can be named "chlorate" followed by a Roman numeral in parentheses denoting the oxidation state of chlorine: e.g., the ClO − 4 ion commonly called perchlorate can also be called chlorate(VII). As predicted by valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, chlorate anions have trigonal pyramidal structures.
* The perchlorate ion ClO − 4 is monovalent, in other words, it has valence 1. ** Valences may also be different from absolute values of oxidation states due to different polarity of bonds. For example, in dichloromethane , CH 2 Cl 2 , carbon has valence 4 but oxidation state 0.
The preparation of perchlorate complexes can be challenging because perchlorate is a weakly coordinating anion. Chlorine trioxide is an important precursor to anhydrous perchlorate complexes. It serves as a source of ClO + 2 and ClO − 4. It reacts with vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5) to give VO 2 (ClO 4) and VO(ClO 4) 3.
Hydronium perchlorate is produced by the reaction of anhydrous perchloric acid and water in a 1:1 molar ratio: [2]. HClO 4 + H 2 O → [H 3 O] + ClO − 4. A more analytically reliable method was reported using the macrocyclic Schiff base of sodium 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenolate and 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol as a chelating agent to sequester Cu(II): transmetallation of the macrocycle with ...
Perchlorates are chemical compounds containing the chlorate(VII) anion (ClO 4 −). Pages in category "Perchlorates" The following 53 pages are in this category, out of 53 total.
The tetrahedral molecule methane (CH 4)Aside from virtually all saturated organic compounds, most compounds of Si, Ge, and Sn are tetrahedral. Often tetrahedral molecules feature multiple bonding to the outer ligands, as in xenon tetroxide (XeO 4), the perchlorate ion (ClO − 4), the sulfate ion (SO 2− 4), the phosphate ion (PO 3− 4).