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The ICD-11 of the World Health Organization (WHO) describes occupational burnout as an occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed, with symptoms characterized by "feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; increased mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one's job; and reduced professional ...
The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is a psychological assessment instrument comprising 22 symptom items pertaining to occupational burnout. [ 1] The original form of the MBI was developed by Christina Maslach and Susan E. Jackson with the goal of assessing an individual's experience of burnout. [ 2] As underlined by Schaufeli (2003), a major ...
Occupational stress is a concern for both employees and employers because stressful job conditions are related to employees' emotional well-being, physical health, and job performance. [ 3] The World Health Organization and the International Labour Organization conducted a study. The results showed that exposure to long working hours, operates ...
Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) [1] is an American social psychologist and professor emerita of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, [2] known for her research on occupational burnout. [3] She is a co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory [4] and Areas of Worklife Survey. [5]
Emotional exhaustion. Emotional exhaustion is symptom of burnout, [ 1] a chronic state of physical and emotional depletion that results from excessive work or personal demands, or continuous stress. [ 2] It describes a feeling of being emotionally overextended and exhausted by one's work. It is manifested by both physical fatigue and a sense of ...
Job demands-resources model. The job demands-resources model ( JD-R model) is an occupational stress model that suggests strain is a response to imbalance between demands on the individual and the resources he or she has to deal with those demands. [ 1][ 2] The JD-R was introduced as an alternative to other models of employee well-being, such ...
Job strain. Job strain is a form of psychosocial stress that occurs in the workplace. One of the most common forms of stress, it is characterized by a combination of low salaries, high demands, and low levels of control over things such as raises and paid time off. [ 1] Stresses at work can be eustress, a positive type of stress, or distress, a ...
Occupational health psychology (OHP) is an interdisciplinary area of psychology that is concerned with the health and safety of workers. [1] [2] [3] OHP addresses a number of major topic areas including the impact of occupational stressors on physical and mental health, the impact of involuntary unemployment on physical and mental health, work-family balance, workplace violence and other forms ...