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Fraction of inspired oxygen ( FIO2 ), correctly denoted with a capital I, [1] is the molar or volumetric fraction of oxygen in the inhaled gas. Medical patients experiencing difficulty breathing are provided with oxygen-enriched air, which means a higher-than-atmospheric FI O 2. Natural air includes 21% oxygen, which is equivalent to FI O 2 of ...
Capnography is the monitoring of the concentration or partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( CO. 2) in the respiratory gases. Its main development has been as a monitoring tool for use during anesthesia and intensive care. It is usually presented as a graph of CO. 2 (measured in kilopascals, "kPa" or millimeters of mercury, "mmHg") plotted ...
High flow anesthesia supplies fresh gas flow which approximates the patient’s minute ventilation, which is usually about 3 to 6 litres per minute in a normal adult. Low flow anesthesia supplies fresh gas flow of less than half the patient's minute ventilation of the patient, which is usually less than 3.0 litres per minute in a normal adult.
Blood–gas partition coefficient. Blood–gas partition coefficient, also known as Ostwald coefficient for blood–gas, [1] is a term used in pharmacology to describe the solubility of inhaled general anesthetics in blood. [2] According to Henry's law, the ratio of the concentration in blood to the concentration in gas that is in contact with ...
24336-0. An arterial blood gas ( ABG) test, or arterial blood gas analysis ( ABGA) measures the amounts of arterial gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. An ABG test requires that a small volume of blood be drawn from the radial artery with a syringe and a thin needle, [ 1] but sometimes the femoral artery in the groin or another site is used.
Bispectral index ( BIS) is one of several technologies used to monitor depth of anesthesia. BIS monitors are used to supplement Guedel's classification system for determining depth of anesthesia. Titrating anesthetic agents to a specific bispectral index during general anesthesia in adults (and children over 1 year old) allows the anesthetist ...
Inhalational anesthetic. Bottles of sevoflurane, isoflurane, enflurane, and desflurane, the common fluorinated ether anesthetics used in clinical practice. These agents are colour-coded for safety purposes. Note the special fitting for desflurane, which boils at room temperature. An inhalational anesthetic is a chemical compound possessing ...
Inhalation sedation. Quantiflex machine used to deliver oxygen and nitrous oxide gas for inhalation sedation. Inhalation sedation is a form of conscious sedation where an inhaled drug should: Carry a margin of safety wide enough to render the unintended loss of consciousness and loss of protective reflexes unlikely.