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Fluid replacement or fluid resuscitation is the medical practice of replenishing bodily fluid lost through sweating, bleeding, fluid shifts or other pathologic processes. . Fluids can be replaced with oral rehydration therapy (drinking), intravenous therapy, rectally such as with a Murphy drip, or by hypodermoclysis, the direct injection of fluid into the subcutaneous tis
There was a time, roughly the 1910s–1920s, when fluid replacement that today would be done intravenously was likelier to be done with a Murphy drip, a rectal infusion; and IV therapy took years to increasingly displace that route. In the 1960s, the concept of providing a person's complete nutritional needs through an IV solution began to be ...
Intraosseous infusion ( IO) is the process of injecting medication, fluids, or blood products directly into the bone marrow; [ 1] this provides a non-collapsible entry point into the systemic venous system. [ 2] The intraosseous infusion technique is used to provide fluids and medication when intravenous access is not available or not feasible.
Ringer's lactate solution ( RL ), also known as sodium lactate solution, Lactated Ringer's, and Hartmann's solution, is a mixture of sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in water. [ 1] It is used for replacing fluids and electrolytes in those who have low blood volume or low blood pressure. [ 2]
Oral rehydration therapy. An oral rehydration solution (250ml) prepared according to WHO formula. Oral rehydration therapy ( ORT) is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea. [ 1] It involves drinking water with modest amounts of sugar and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. [ 1]
Hypovolemia, also known as volume depletion or volume contraction, is a state of abnormally low extracellular fluid in the body. [ 1] This may be due to either a loss of both salt and water or a decrease in blood volume. [ 2][ 3] Hypovolemia refers to the loss of extracellular fluid and should not be confused with dehydration.
Dehydration can occur as a result of diarrhea, vomiting, water scarcity, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. Management of dehydration (or rehydration) seeks to reverse dehydration by replenishing the lost water and electrolytes. Water and electrolytes can be given through a number of routes, including oral, intravenous, and rectal.
Volume expander. A volume expander is a type of intravenous therapy that has the function of providing volume for the circulatory system. It may be used for fluid replacement or during surgery to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery. [1]
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