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Earthen plasters are becoming more popular in interior design due to its sustainable and eco-friendly characteristics. The plaster influences the thermal comfort, the indoor air quality and energy efficiency in a positive way. During the drying process however, there is shrinkage which affects its ability to adhere properly to the surface. [3 ...
Cracks can be formed in many different elastomers by ozone attack, and the characteristic form of attack of vulnerable rubbers is known as ozone cracking. The problem was formerly very common, especially in tires , but is now rarely seen in those products owing to preventive measures.
The ice crystal growth weakens the rocks which, in time, break up. [3] It is caused by the expansion of ice when water freezes, putting considerable stress on the walls of containment. This is actually a very common process in all humid, temperate areas where there is exposed rock, especially porous rocks like sandstone .
The crack initiation range in metals is propagation, and there is a significant quantitative difference in rate while the difference appears to be less apparent with composites. [54] Fatigue cracks of composites may form in the matrix and propagate slowly since the matrix carries such a small fraction of the applied stress.
Non-hydraulic lime plaster sets slowly and is quite caustic while wet, with a pH of 12. Plasterers must take care to protect themselves or use mild acids as vinegar or lemon juice to neutralize chemical burn. [5] When the plaster is dry, the pH falls to about 8.6.
mild steel cracks in the presence of alkali (e.g. boiler cracking and caustic stress corrosion cracking) and nitrates; copper alloys crack in ammoniacal solutions ( season cracking ); high-tensile steels have been known to crack in an unexpectedly brittle manner in a whole variety of aqueous environments, especially when chlorides are present.
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Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC) is one of the most common causes of unexpected brittle failure of thermoplastic (especially amorphous) polymers known at present. According to ASTM D883, stress cracking is defined as "an external or internal crack in a plastic caused by tensile stresses less than its short-term mechanical strength".