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  2. Corinthian order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corinthian_order

    Above that, the profiles of the cornice mouldings are like those of the Ionic order. If the cornice is very deep, it may be supported by brackets or modillions, which are ornamental brackets used in a series under a cornice. The Corinthian column is almost always fluted, and the flutes of a Corinthian column may be enriched.

  3. Triclinium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinium

    Here, the triclinium maius ("big dining room") would be used for larger dinner parties, which would typically include many clients of the owner. Smaller triclinia would be used for smaller dinner parties, with a more exclusive set of guests. Hence, their decoration was often at least as elaborate as that found in larger triclinia.

  4. Forum of Nerva - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forum_of_Nerva

    The plan of the Forum of Nerva is long and narrow, with protruding columns decorating the walls instead of arcades. A temple dedicated to Minerva dominated the western end, behind which was a monumental entrance. Following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the area reverted to marshland. In the 9th century, a number of houses were built ...

  5. Byzantine architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_architecture

    The style continued to be based on arches, vaults and domes, often on a large scale. Wall mosaics with gold backgrounds became standard for the grandest buildings, with frescos a cheaper alternative. The richest interiors were finished with thin plates of marble or coloured and patterned stone. Some of the columns were also made of marble.

  6. Acanthus (ornament) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthus_(ornament)

    The oldest known example of a Corinthian column is in the Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae in Arcadia, c. 450–420 BC, but the order was used sparingly in Greece before the Roman period. The Romans elaborated the order with the ends of the leaves curled, and it was their favourite order for grand buildings, with their own invention of the ...

  7. Doric order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doric_order

    In their original Greek version, Doric columns stood directly on the flat pavement (the stylobate) of a temple without a base. With a height only four to eight times their diameter, the columns were the most squat of all the classical orders; their vertical shafts were fluted with 20 parallel concave grooves, each rising to a sharp edge called an arris.

  8. Peristyle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristyle

    Reconstruction of a Roman peristyle surrounding a courtyard in Pompeii, Italy. In ancient Greek [1] and Roman architecture, [2] a peristyle (/ ˈ p ɛr ɪ ˌ s t aɪ l /; Ancient Greek: περίστυλον, romanized: perístulon) [3] [4] is a continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or a courtyard.

  9. Solomonic column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomonic_column

    Another column can now be observed up close in the St. Peter's Treasury Museum. Other columns from this set of twelve have been lost over the course of time. If these columns really were from one of the Temples in Jerusalem, the spiral pattern may have represented the oak tree which was the first Ark of the Covenant, mentioned in Joshua 24:26. [3]

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