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GalT encodes for the protein galactosyltransferase which catalyzes the transfer of a galactose sugar to an acceptor, forming a glycosidic bond. [5] GalK encodes for a kinase that phosphorylates α-D-galactose to galactose 1-phosphate. [6] Lastly, galM catalyzes the conversion of β-D-galactose to α-D-galactose as the first step in galactose ...
The Gal4 transcription factor is a positive regulator of gene expression of galactose-induced genes. [1] This protein represents a large fungal family of transcription factors, Gal4 family, which includes over 50 members in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae e.g. Oaf1, Pip2, Pdr1, Pdr3, Leu3.
galactose. Galactosyltransferase is a type of glycosyltransferase which catalyzes the transfer of galactose. An example is B-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycopeptide b-1,4-galactosyltransferase. The biosynthesis of disaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides involves the action of hundreds of different glycosyltransferases.
X-ray crystallography experiments have shown that one Mg 2+ ion is coordinated by a phosphoryl oxygen on glucose 1-phosphate and by an α-phosphoryl oxygen on UTP. [5] In addition to stabilizing the negatively charged phosphates, Mg 2+ is thought to orient the glucose 1-phosphate for nucleophilic attack of the α-phosphorus of UTP. [20]
The enzyme UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2), also known as UDP-galactose 4-epimerase or GALE, is a homodimeric epimerase found in bacterial, fungal, plant, and mammalian cells. This enzyme performs the final step in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, catalyzing the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose . [ 1 ]
Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the B4GALT1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes.
Two-hybrid screening (originally known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) [1] and protein–DNA interactions [2] [3] by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.
The Leloir pathway is a metabolic pathway for the catabolism of D-galactose.It is named after Luis Federico Leloir, who first described it. [1] [2] [3] [4]Intermediates and enzymes in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism [5]