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McIlvaine buffer is a buffer solution composed of citric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate, also known as citrate-phosphate buffer.It was introduced in 1921 by the United States agronomist Theodore Clinton McIlvaine (1875–1959) from West Virginia University, and it can be prepared in pH 2.2 to 8 by mixing two stock solutions.
Indicator: A substance that changes color in response to a chemical change. An acid–base indicator (e.g., phenolphthalein) changes color depending on the pH. Redox indicators are also used. A drop of indicator solution is added to the titration at the beginning; the endpoint has been reached when the color changes.
Corrosion of iron nail with coiled copper in medium with ferroxyl indicator. Ferroxyl indicator, or rust indicator, is a solution containing potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), phenolphthalein and sodium chloride. It turns blue in the presence of Fe 2+ ions, and pink in the presence of hydroxide (OH-) ions.
The indicator electrode forms an electrochemical half-cell with the interested ions in the test solution. The reference electrode forms the other half-cell. The overall electric potential is calculated as = +.
To prepare a solution for use as pH indicator, dissolve 0.10 g in 8.0 cm 3 N/50 (a.k.a. 0.02 Normal) NaOH and dilute with water to 250 cm 3. To prepare a solution for use as indicator in volumetric work, dissolve 0.1 g in 100 cm 3 of 50% (v/v) ethanol. [5]
A redox indicator (also called an oxidation-reduction indicator) is an indicator which undergoes a definite color change at a specific electrode potential. The requirement for fast and reversible color change means that the oxidation-reduction equilibrium for an indicator redox system needs to be established very quickly. Therefore, only a few ...
Kreskin (aka The Amazing Kreskin), the renowned mentalist who had his own TV programs in the 1970s, has died. He was 89. Kreskin’s family announced the news in a statement posted on social media ...
A complexometric indicator is an ionochromic dye that undergoes a definite color change in presence of specific metal ions. [1] It forms a weak complex with the ions present in the solution, which has a significantly different color from the form existing outside the complex. Complexometric indicators are also known as pM indicators. [2]