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Sedimentation results in the formation of depositional landforms and the rocks that constitute the sedimentary record. [6] The building up of land surfaces by sedimentation, particularly in river valleys, is called aggradation. [7] The rate of sedimentation is the thickness of sediment accumulated per unit time. [8]
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...
[4] Sedimentary rocks cover up to 75% of the Earth 's surface, record much of the Earth's history , and harbor the fossil record . Sedimentology is closely linked to stratigraphy , the study of the physical and temporal relationships between rock layers or strata .
Steeply-tilted layers of flysch on the coast of Bay of Biscay, at Zumaia, Basque Country, Spain. Flysch (/ f l ɪ ʃ /) is a sequence of sedimentary rock layers that progress from deep-water and turbidity flow deposits to shallow-water shales and sandstones.
This diamond is a mineral from within an igneous or metamorphic rock that formed at high temperature and pressure. The rock cycle is a basic concept in geology that describes transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
Sedimentary structures include all kinds of features in sediments and sedimentary rocks, formed at the time of deposition.. Sediments and sedimentary rocks are characterized by bedding, which occurs when layers of sediment, with different particle sizes are deposited on top of each other. [1]
Geological perspective correlation is a theory in geology describing geometrical regularities in the layering of sediments. Seventy percent of the Earth's surface are occupied by sedimentary basins [1] – volumes consisted of sediments accumulated during million years, and alternated by long interruptions in sedimentation (hiatuses).
[4] Closely related to intercalated contacts is interfingering (also known as intertonguing, [7] interdigitating, or interlocking [8]) of laterally adjacent sedimentary rock bodies. Here the contact breaks down into a series of wedges or tongues that penetrate the adjacent rock body and pinch out individually.